Four-wave mixing excitations in a dissipative polariton quantum fluid

Kohnle, V.; Léger, Yoan; Wouters, Michiel; Richard, Maxime; Portella‐Oberli, M. T.; Deveaud, B.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.86.064508

Cited by 37 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…To demonstrate the Feshbach resonance on the spinor polariton scattering, we carry out polarization-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy in transmission. We employ a heterodyne measurement technique 12,28 , which markedly increases the signal to noise ratio. It allows one to resolve small probe beam energy shifts and to use a degenerate beam configuration.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The demonstration of Bose-Einstein condensation of exciton-polaritons in a semiconductor microcavity 7 has attracted much attention and opened a wide field of research on polariton quantum fluids, such as superfluidity 8 , quantum vortices 9 and Bogoliubov dispersion [10][11][12] . Many more examples could be proposed to highlight the fact that polaritons provide a concrete realization of a bosonic interacting many-body quantum system, complementing the work performed on ultracold atom systems.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Polaritonic Feshbach resonance

et al. 2014

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A Feshbach resonance occurs when the energy of two interacting free particles comes into resonance with a molecular bound state. When approaching this resonance, marked changes in the interaction strength between the particles can arise. Feshbach resonances provide a powerful tool for controlling the interactions in ultracold atomic gases, which can be switched from repulsive to attractive [1][2][3][4] , and have allowed a range of many-body quantum physics e ects to be explored 5,6 . Here we demonstrate a Feshbach resonance based on the polariton spinor interactions in a semiconductor microcavity. By tuning the energy of two polaritons with anti-parallel spins across the biexciton bound state energy, we show an enhancement of attractive interactions and a prompt change to repulsive interactions. A mean-field two-channel model quantitatively reproduces the experimental results. This observation paves the way for a new tool for tuning polariton interactions and to move forward into quantum correlated polariton physics.A semiconductor microcavity is a unique system where exciton-polaritons emerge from the strong coupling between an exciton and a photon. The demonstration of Bose-Einstein condensation of exciton-polaritons in a semiconductor microcavity 7 has attracted much attention and opened a wide field of research on polariton quantum fluids, such as superfluidity 8 , quantum vortices 9 and Bogoliubov dispersion [10][11][12] . Many more examples could be proposed to highlight the fact that polaritons provide a concrete realization of a bosonic interacting many-body quantum system, complementing the work performed on ultracold atom systems.Furthermore, polaritons exhibit a polarization degree of freedom, with a one-to-one connection to two counter circular polarizations for their photonic part. The different excitonic content of both polarization states results in asymmetric spinor interactions. Such spinor interactions offer a wide range of effects and a very rich physics to explore in semiconductor microcavities [13][14][15][16][17][18] .In this work, we demonstrate a Feshbach resonance in a polariton semiconductor microcavity. Feshbach biexcitonic resonant scattering is investigated through spectrally resolved circularly polarized pump-probe spectroscopy on a III-V based microcavity (Methods). To bring the energy of a two-lower polariton state into resonance with the biexciton state we change the cavity exciton detuning (Fig. 1a,c). We evidence the resonant polariton scattering by probing the anti-parallel spin polariton interactions when scanning the two-polariton energy across the bound biexciton state. We clearly show the enhancement of polariton interactions and the change of their character from attractive to repulsive. Moreover, we observe a decrease of the polariton resonance amplitude when the lower polariton energy is in the vicinity of the biexciton energy. The results are modelled by numerical simulations based on a meanfield two-channel model that includes coupling between polaritons and biexcito...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Polaritonic Feshbach resonance

et al. 2014

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“…This apparatus has been used to map [63] and assess [65] coupling between excitons confined in separated QDs (these results will be discussed further in Section 4). Let us note that HSI can also be implemented in addition to a non-collinear pump-probe experiment to enhance sensitivity of the FWM detection in case of strong scattering by the pump beam, as demonstrated with exciton-polaritons in a transmission geometry [61,66,67]. A drawback of HSI experiments is that the phase between the pump and probe pulses (and of the reference if the latter is routed around the sample) is not actively stabilised.…”

Section: Collinear Pump-probe Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet, the topic of polariton-polariton interactionsand the role of biexciton resonance therein -remains a current topic of research and debate [97,98,99] into which MDCS promises to bring insight. First phaseresolved FWM experiments were realised in the perspective of observing the polaritonic ghost branch [66,67], detecting signal in the 2k 2 − k 1 direction, in combination with heterodyne spectral interferometry. Using intrinsically phase-stable, pulse-shapingbased 2D spectroscopy [35], Wen et al were able to obtain two-quantum, three-quantum and four-quantum 2D spectra of polaritons, revealing polariton-polariton correlations up to the fourth order [59] -a higher order than previously observed in a simple QW system [100].…”

Section: Semiconductor Microcavitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensional coherent optical spectroscopy of semiconductor nanostructures: a review

Nardin

2015

Semicond. Sci. Technol.

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Abstract. Multidimensional Coherent optical Spectroscopy (MDCS) is an elegant and versatile tool to measure the ultrafast nonlinear optical response of materials. Of particular interest for semiconductor nanostructures, MDCS enables the separation of homogeneous and inhomogeneous linewidths, reveals the nature of coupling between resonances, and is able to identify the signatures of many-body interactions. As an extension of transient Four-Wave Mixing (FWM) experiments, MDCS can be implemented in various geometries, in which different strategies can be used to isolate the FWM signal and measure its phase. I review and compare different practical implementations of MDCS experiments adapted to the study of semiconductor materials. The power of MDCS is illustrated by discussing experimental results obtained on semiconductor nanostructures such as quantum dots, quantum wells, microcavities, and layered semiconductors.

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“…The long spacial and temporal coherence of polaritons enables a variety of interesting physical phenomena including: Bose-Einstein condensation [1,2], superfluidity [3][4][5][6], and quantized vorticity [7,8]. While many of these phenomena can be captured by the Gross-Pitaevskii equations, which are equations of motion of the coherent polariton wave function, it is well known that incoherent excitons also play a crucial role in the modification of the temporal dynamics of polaritons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent and incoherent aspects of polariton dynamics in semiconductor microcavities

et al. 2016

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The interaction between coherent polaritons and incoherent excitons plays an important role in polariton physics. Using resonant pump-probe spectroscopy with selective excitation of single polariton branches, we investigate the different dephasing mechanisms responsible for generating a long-lived exciton reservoir. As expected, pumping the upper polariton results in a strong dephasing process that leads to the generation of a long lived reservoir. Unexpectedly, we observe an efficient reservoir creation while exciting only the lower polariton branch when the detuning is increased towards positive detuning. We propose a simple theoretical model, the polaritonic Bloch equations, to describe the dynamics of the system.

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Four-wave mixing excitations in a dissipative polariton quantum fluid

Cited by 37 publications

References 28 publications

Polaritonic Feshbach resonance

Polaritonic Feshbach resonance

Multidimensional coherent optical spectroscopy of semiconductor nanostructures: a review

Coherent and incoherent aspects of polariton dynamics in semiconductor microcavities

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