Four-user 10-Gb/s spectrally phase-coded O-CDMA system operating at /spl sim/30 fJ/bit

Demonstration of 1 Gb/s$\,\times \,$15-User CDM Over WDM-PON Using Electrical Spatial Coding and Subcarrier Multiplexing

“…Various PON solutions have been proposed so far, among which optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) [1] is considered as one of the attractive access technologies due to its advantages including high capacity, flexible network management, and the potential of security enhancement for the physical layer, etc. Several all-optical en/decoders have been used in OCDMA systems [2]- [4], which can offer chip rates as high as 640 Gchip/s [3]. However, OCDMA systems based on all-optical en/decoders suffer from severe beat noise and multiple access interference (MAI).…”

MZI‐SOA‐based 2R regeneration of OCDMA signals with multiaccess interference noise

“…Several different OCDMA implementations have been proposed; these can be roughly classified according to the operation principle as incoherent and coherent OCDMA [2]. The coherent OCDMA technique has received growing attention due to the overall superior performance over incoherent OCDMA and improvements on compact and reliable encoder/decoders, such as spatial light phase modulator (SLPM), planar lightwave circuit (PLC), and super-structured fiber Bragg grating (SSFBG) [3][4][5].…”

SPECTS O-CDMA 80.8-km BOSSNET Field Trial using a Compact, Fully Integrated, AWG-Based Encoder/Decoder

“…In a multi-user system, each user is assigned their own phase code, and a thresholder at the receiver separates the desired signal from the other transmissions, which remain spread in time by virtue of code orthogonality. Most SPECTS O-CDMA implementations have been limited by their dependence on cumbersome bulk optics-based encoders and decoders [1,2], reducing their practicality in rigorous telecom environments. SPECTS O-CDMA implementations using integrated components have thus far been limited to short code lengths (up to 8 chips) leading to low signal-to-interferer contrast [3], or have been unable to incorporate components onto a single monolithic device [4].…”