Four new species of Mycena sect. Calodontes (Agaricales, Mycenaceae) from northeast China

Abstract

Species of Mycena sect. Calodontes are representative of the Mycena genus as a whole and are easily recognised by the pinkish, reddish, purplish to brownish pileus and larger basidiomata. Furthermore, the colour of the pileus in the species of sect. Calodontes often has a transition or changes in different stages and the combination of the colour of the pileus with cystidia and basidiospores can be used to recognise taxa within this section. To date, 19 species of Mycena sect. Calodontes have been reported worldwide. Including our recent description of M. yuezhuoi, five species of sect. Calodontes have been recorded in China. During examination of specimens collected in coniferous forests or mixed broadleaf-conifer forests in temperate regions of China, additional taxa assigned to sect. Calodontes were identified. Four new species are recognised, based mostly on characters of the pileus and cystidia. Phylogenetic analysis of sequence data from multiple DNA regions (ITS + rpb1 + tef1) supported the morphological evidence. Here, we propose M. polycystidiata, M. rufobrunnea, M. shengshanensis and M. subulata as new species in Mycena sect. Calodontes. Morphological descriptions, line drawings, habitat photos and comparisons with closely-related taxa are provided. A key to the 23 known species of sect. Calodontes is presented.

New Species of Bioluminescent Mycena Sect. Calodontes (Agaricales, Mycenaceae) from Mexico

“…pura clade X sensu Harder et al from the USA [ 18 ], M . rufobrunnea from China [ 20 ], and M. seminau from Malaysia [ 1 ]. Although the Mexican specimen is within this clade, it is in an independent lineage, which can be distinguished from the rest of the taxa by its morphological characteristics.…”

“…Mycena brunneoviolacea is distinguished by its dark violet-brown or dark brown pileus, narrowly lageniform to lageniform cheilocystidia and pleurocystidia, and caulocystidia present [ 14 ]. Mycena rufobrunnea is separated by the dark brown to reddish-brown or greyish-brown pileus and utriform cheilocystidia, sometimes clavate, and caulocystidia present [ 20 ]. Mycena seminau differs in that it has a dark brown to brown pileus, yellowish-gray to reddish-gray lamellae, and narrower cheilocystidia, 32.8–56.8 × 5.6–9.6 μm [ 1 ].…”

“…The alignment was visually inspected and manual corrections were made when necessary. In addition, we downloaded 157 sequences available in GenBank that were generated in previous studies [ 1 , 14 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ] ( Table 2 ). Mycena rubromarginata (Fr.)…”

“…Maas Geest., which includes species with amyloid basidiospores, clavate, fusiform, subcylindrical cheilocystidia that are apically rounded or somewhat attenuated, and hyaline pleurocystidia; and Violacella Singer ex Maas Geest., the species of which subsection have inamyloid basidiospores, clavate, subcylindrical, subfusiform cheilocystidia that are apically obtuse, or rarely mucronate, and absent pleurocystidia [ 1 , 21 , 23 ]. Phylogenetic studies have revealed that subsection Purae is polyphyletic [ 1 , 16 , 20 , 25 ]. Additionally, Harder et al [ 17 ] concluded that the amyloid reaction of basidiospores is not a reliable diagnostic feature for distinguishing species within M .…”

“…Subsequently, Harder et al [ 18 ] identified 11 cryptic lineages within M. pura . In the studies of Olariaga et al [ 25 ] and Li et al [ 19 , 20 ], three nuclear DNA regions were used to describe new taxa.…”