Four-Legs D-STATCOM for Current Balancing in Low-Voltage Distribution Grids

Ballestín-Fuertes, Javier; Sanz, J.F.; Munoz-Cruzado-Alba, Jesus; Laporta-Puyal, Erika; Leiva, Javier; Rivero, Jacob Rodriguez

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3138827

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…However, it does not address the issue comprehensively, as it lacks individualized control for current flowing through the phase where each charger is connected. Scenario 3 includes using a three-phase, four-leg D-STATCOM (Figure 7a), connected at low voltage to mitigate the unbalance effect [31]. The fourth leg allows the circulation of current through it, thereby enabling the independent control of currents in each phase without the requirement that the sum of phase currents be zero.…”

Section: Scenario 3: Connection Of Specific Power Electronics To Redu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of the Integration of the Electric Vehicle on Low-Voltage Rural Networks

Comech,

Sanz-Osorio,

Melero

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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The electric vehicle deployment, due to the plans defined according to the energy transition objectives, produces new challenges for the electrical system. These challenges are associated with the charging infrastructure of these vehicles since they require a high current during specific periods, which can increase losses in the network, overload the lines, or cause voltage drops that affect the system’s stability. To solve these challenges, one of the possible solutions is the investment in new network infrastructure to face the increase in demand, such as the construction of new transformation centers or new medium and low-voltage lines. However, in the case of rural networks with a small number of users, these investments may not be viable. This article analyzes the possible impacts of connecting electric vehicles in a rural low-voltage network located in a Spanish municipality, as well as possible implementable solutions that do not require investment in new infrastructure. The number of connected vehicles has been calculated based on the national plan for 2030, and the network model used is based on actual data provided by the distribution company that operates in the area.

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Section: Scenario 3: Connection Of Specific Power Electronics To Redu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the major problems caused by the massive use of single-phase chargers is the appearance of unbalances in the grid and their consequences. They can jeopardize the functionality of the distribution grid, and the effects have been thoroughly examined in [29][30][31]. The key problems include:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Integration of the Electric Vehicle on Low-Voltage Rural Networks

Comech,

Sanz-Osorio,

Melero

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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“…In [6], a shunt device called D-STATCOM was proposed to reduce the negative and zero sequence currents of the upstream network. This implies that the downstream network remains unbalanced, making it crucial to position the devices optimally, which might pose challenges.…”

Section: Balancing Of Phases In Low-voltage Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balancing of Low-Voltage Supply Network with a Smart Utility Controller Leveraging Distributed Customer Energy Sources

Mtolo,

Dorrell,

Pillay Carpanen

2023

Energies

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In South Africa, there has been a rapid adoption of solar power, particularly inverter-based solar sources, in low-voltage (LV) networks due to factors such as load shedding, rising electricity costs and greenhouse gas emissions reduction. In residential LV networks, the alignment between solar supply and energy demand is less precise, necessitating larger battery storage systems to effectively utilize solar energy. Residential areas experience peak energy demand in the morning and evening when solar irradiance is limited. As a result, substantial energy storage is important to fully utilize the potential of solar energy. However, increasing inverter-based, customer-generated power creates an imbalance in the utility supply. This is because utility LV supply transformers have three phases, while individual customers have single-phase connections and no load balancing control mechanism. This supply imbalance adversely affects the overall power quality, causing energy losses, damage to devices and other issues. To address these problems, the paper proposes a smart control approach to minimize power imbalances within utility LV supply transformers. The controller uses customer battery storage in residential areas to balance the utility transformer phases. A laboratory model was built to simulate a three-phase low-voltage network with single-phase customers, both with and without a smart controller. The results show that closely monitoring and controlling individual inverters through a central controller can significantly improve the balance of the supply network.

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“…The strategies of balancing active power for the satisfactory operation of the most commonly used STATCOMs under unbalanced current and/or voltage conditions were discussed in [23], whereas a new topology for a STATCOM was proposed in [24] for producing multilevel AC voltages. The four-leg distribution STATCOM is suggested to eliminate the current imbalances in low-voltage power system networks [25]. In this research, an 11 kV four H-bridge STATCOM is introduced as a linearly and continuously controlled compensating susceptance for load currents balancing issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a linearized 4-H-bridge STATCOM for load balancing purposes

Obais,

Mukheef

2023

IJPEDS

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<span lang="EN-US">In this paper, a 4-H-bridge STATCOM (4-HB STATCOM) is introduced. Four H-bridges are cascaded to build the proposed STATCOM. Cascading the H-bridges makes it possible to operate the devised STATCOM on high voltage levels with less voltage harmonic association. The proposed STATCOM is equipped with an adaptive current controller and a voltage balancing technique for its DC capacitor voltages. The adopted controlling strategy makes the STATCOM respond continuously and linearly to current demand in both inductive and capacitive operational modes without noticeable association of harmonics. The DC capacitor of each H-bridge is shunted by a second harmonic filter to stabilize its voltage. The proposed STATCOM does not require initial charging of its DC capacitors because it is provided with a utilized technique for charging them rapidly by disabling the STATCOM carrier for a certain period sufficient to build up the required level of DC voltages. In this work, the proposed STATCOM is designed to operate on 11 kV AC voltage as a continuously and linearly controlled compensating susceptance. It can deservingly be employed in load balancing systems for achieving big amount of energy savings in power generation and big reduction in transmission losses.</span>

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Four-Legs D-STATCOM for Current Balancing in Low-Voltage Distribution Grids

Abstract: and the European Union FEDER-Innterconecta 2018 program through the project ITC-20181102 "PASTORA (Preventive Analysis of Smart Grids with real Time Operation and Renewable Assets Integration)" for contributing the data used in this article.

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

Impact of the Integration of the Electric Vehicle on Low-Voltage Rural Networks

Impact of the Integration of the Electric Vehicle on Low-Voltage Rural Networks

Balancing of Low-Voltage Supply Network with a Smart Utility Controller Leveraging Distributed Customer Energy Sources

Design of a linearized 4-H-bridge STATCOM for load balancing purposes

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