Four Conceptions of Authority in International Relations

Abstract

There is increasing agreement that states and other political actors on the world stage sometimes achieve international authority. However, there is less agreement about the nature and functioning of international authority relations. What determines whether an actor will be recognized as an authoritative actor? And what are the effects thereof? In this essay, we identify four distinct conceptions of authority in the study of international relations: authority as contract, authority as domination, authority as impression, and authority as consecration. Consideration of the typology leads to two important insights. First, the phenomenon of authority has an essentially experiential dimension. Subordinate actors’ emotional experience of authority determines their response to authority and thus also has a fundamental impact on the stability of authority. Second, the emergence of forms of international authority does not entail, at least not necessarily, the weakening of the sovereignty of states, but can equally be argued to strengthen it.

Continental sovereignty: constructing institutional and structural changes in the international system

“…Recognizing that "authority" may be a contested concept in international relations (Lopez 2020;Kustermans and Horemans 2022), my concern is the idea of authority as a component of the institution of sovereignty. So, the expression "internationalization of authority" refers to the transfer of sovereignty as authority to IOs.…”