Four Centuries of Portuguese Expansion, 1415-1825.

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“…Survey studies have pegged the Portuguese diasporic figures to be not more than 10,000 across the four centuries (before 20th century) of the Portuguese abroad. The numbers might have fluctuated in the different centuries although the proportion leaving for Asia dwindled from the 17 th century (Boxer, 1970). Up till the 17 th century, prestigious nobility and second-or later-born from nobility families continued to be dispatched to the East to take-up functionary roles in the Estado da Índia ((Portuguese) State of India).…”

Trade, ethnic diversity and assimilation in the portuguese-creole community in the melaka-singapore region, 1780-1840

“…Re-connecting to Chivallon's (2008) typology, if Andaya's approach is focused on the outcome (or product/traits), this section of the paper can focus more on the 'process' to account for the interjecting forces and factors that molded the sub-communities under research. (Boxer, 1970). Up till the 17 th century, prestigious nobility and second-or later-born from nobility families continued to be dispatched to the East to take-up functionary roles in the Estado da Índia ((Portuguese) State of India).…”