Foundations of Quantum Mechanics in the Light of New Technology

Nakajima, Sadao; Murayama, Yoshimasa; Tonomura, Akira

doi:10.1142/3268

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…We note that the same result may be obtained using isotropy and isomorphic length as discussed in Overview 2. In the next paragraph we show that 1 22 may be viewed as accounting for the effects of quantum entanglement which Einstein rejected and labelled spooky action at distance and therefore did not include it in his derivation even after knowing about it [4,[15][16][17][18][19]. A validation of the preceding result is easily obtained using the more conventional method of running the electromagnetic fine structure constant  in the exact solution of the hydrogen atom and replacing …”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

“…On the other hand quantum measurement leads to wave collapse [19][20][21][22][23] and consequently the dark energy of the wave cannot be measured by any of present day instruments save for any future progress in quantum wave nondemolition technology [18,23]. Never the less there are many cosmological observations such as the increased rate in cosmic expansion which leads us to believe that dark energy really exists [7,8].…”

Section: E D Mcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and therefore we can say that Einstein's formula is basically exact with the only drawback that it does not distinguish between the ordinary energy of the quantum particle and the dark energy of the quantum wave which cannot be measured [18][19][20][21]23]. The second conclusion is that our inability to measure the dark energy of the Hawking-Hartle quantum wave of the universe using our present technology is clearly connected to the quantum measurement problem and the well documented quantum wave collapse.…”

Section: Wave-particle Duality Measurement and Dark Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The objective of the present work is to gain, using Nash embedding, a better understanding of the deep meaning of two new quantum relativity energy-mass equations [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] related to the said subject of the missing dark energy of the cosmos presented in various recent publications [19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. The Euclidean embedding space of a manifold, stated in simplistic informal terms, is the space needed to embed a "crumpled" manifold to make it smooth without cusps, discontinuities or overlapping and of course in the simple situation of local embedding makes it Ricci flat [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nash embedding [1,2] is a powerful tool based on traditional mathematical methods which gives the exact dimension D (Nash) for an n dimensional manifold to be embedded Euclideanly (see Overviews 1 and 2 for a mini introduction to Nash embedding). For a compact manifold this is given by [1,3] not observed before into two recently derived modified quantum relativity energy formulas extending Einstein's [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] is the ordinary energy which we can measure, is the dark energy density which we cannot measure directly, m is the mass and c is the speed of light [6,19,20]. Consequently the energy density calculated using E QR is only  1 22 4.5%  of that calculated using Einstein's original famous formula [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nash Embedding of Witten’s M-Theory and the Hawking-Hartle Quantum Wave of Dark Energy

Naschie¹

2013

JMP

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Euclidean embedding of the 11-dimensional M-theory turned out to require a very large space leaving lavish amounts of 242 dimensional pseudo truly empty "regions" devoid of space and time and consequently of anything resembling ordinary physical energy density. It is shown here using Nash embedding that the ratio of "solid" M-theory spacetime to its required embedding "non-spacetime" is 1 22 for a classical theory and 1 22.18033989 for an analogous fractal theory. This then leads to a maximal ordinary energy density equation equal to that of Einstein's famous formula but multiplied with 2 E mc  1 22.18033989 1 22    in full agreement with previous results obtained using relatively more conventional methods including running the electromagnetic fine structure constant in the exact solution of the hydrogen atom. Consequently, the new equation corresponds to a quantum relativity theory which unlike Einstein's original equation gives quantitative predictions which agree perfectly with the cosmological measurements of WMAP and the analysis of certain supernova events. Never the less in our view dark energy also exists being the energy of the quantum wave amounting to 95.5 present of the total Einstein theoretical energy which is blind to any distinction between ordinary energy of the quantum particle and the dark energy of the quantum wave. However, since measurement leads to the collapse of the Hawking-Hartle quantum wave, dark energy being a quantum wave non-ordinary energy could not possibly be measured in the usual way unless highly refined quantum wave non-demolition technology is developed if possible. It is a further reason that dark energy having a different sign to ordinary energy is the cause behind the anti gravity force which is pushing the universe apart and accelerating cosmic expansion. Consequently it can be seen as the result of anticlastic Cartan-like curvature caused by extra compactified dimensions of spacetime. A simple toy model demonstration of the effect of curvature in a "material" space is briefly discussed.

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mentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: E D Mcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wave-particle Duality Measurement and Dark Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nash Embedding of Witten’s M-Theory and the Hawking-Hartle Quantum Wave of Dark Energy

Naschie¹

2013

JMP

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Homogeneous Decoherence Functionals¶in Standard and History Quantum Mechanics

Rudolph

Wright

1999

Communications in Mathematical Physics

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General history quantum theories are quantum theories without a globally defined notion of time. Decoherence functionals represent the states in the history approach and are defined as certain bivariate complex-valued functionals on the space of all histories. However, in practical situationsfor instance in the history formulation of standard quantum mechanics -there often is a global time direction and the homogeneous decoherence functionals are specified by their values on the subspace of homogeneous histories.In this work we study the analytic properties of (i) the standard decoherence functional in the history version of standard quantum mechanics and (ii) homogeneous decoherence functionals in general history theories. We restrict ourselves to the situation where the space of histories is given by the lattice of projections on some Hilbert space H . Among other things we prove the non-existence of a finitely valued extension for the standard decoherence functional to the space of all histories, derive a representation for the standard decoherence functional as an unbounded quadratic form with a natural representation on a Hilbert space and prove the existence of an Isham-Linden-Schreckenberg (ILS) type representation for the standard decoherence functional.

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Stability Analysis of the two-slit experiment with quantum particles

Naschie

2005

Chaos, Solitons & Fractals

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Foundations of Quantum Mechanics in the Light of New Technology

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Nash Embedding of Witten’s M-Theory and the Hawking-Hartle Quantum Wave of Dark Energy

Nash Embedding of Witten’s M-Theory and the Hawking-Hartle Quantum Wave of Dark Energy

Homogeneous Decoherence Functionals¶in Standard and History Quantum Mechanics

Stability Analysis of the two-slit experiment with quantum particles

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