“…Hence, despite the 'nature', the advancement and competency in numeracy are also determined by 'nurture' as well. The nurture or environmental factors denote as contributing factors in the development of early numeracy, such as home ecology (Napoli & Purpura, 2018), socioeconomic status (Forgasz & Leder, 2020), cultural variations (Ayonrinde et al, 2020) and pedagogical approach (i.e., Piper et al, 2018;Budgen & West 2020). These studies consistently found that children's ability to perform numerical competency is attributed to early childhood homelearning environments as support to preschool education.…”