Foundations of Lifestyle Medicine and its Evolution

Lippman, David; Stump, Mariah; Veazey, Erica; Guimarães, Sley Tanigawa; Rosenfeld, Richard; Kelly, John H.; Ornish, Dean; Katz, David L.

doi:10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2023.11.004

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In addition, legumes and nuts/seeds showed some unexpected negative associations, albeit only with HDL-C. While HDL-C has traditionally been regarded as an antiatherosclerotic biomarker, levels lower than the recommended levels of HDL-C represent a risk factor for CVDs [ 83 , 84 ]. However, recent studies have proposed a more complex mechanism—i.e., U-shaped—association between HDL-C and CV risk [ 83 , 85 , 86 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Dietary Intake with Cardiovascular Risk in Long-Term “Plant-Based Eaters”: A Secondary Analysis of a Cross-Sectional Study

Jakše,

Godnov,

Fras

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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A plant-based diet rich in whole foods and fiber is beneficial for cardiovascular (CV) health. This impact is often linked to specific food groups and their preparation methods, reflecting the overall dietary pattern. However, research on the long-term effects of a carefully designed plant-based diet on adults transitioning from a typical Western lifestyle is limited. Notably, studies on people managing CV risk factors effectively are scarce. As part of a cross-sectional study, we examined 151 individuals committed to a long-term, well-designed plant-based diet and active lifestyle. We investigated how specific food groups and macronutrient intake are related to various CV health markers. In this secondary analysis, our comprehensive approach encompassed several methods: 3-day weighted dietary records, fasting blood lipid and blood pressure measurements, body composition assessments, and evaluations of lifestyle status. We adjusted our analysis for multiple variables, such as age, sex, current body mass index, smoking status, physical activity, and time (years) following the plant-based diet. Our findings revealed several associations between macronutrient intake (per 50 g) and CV risk markers, although these associations were generally weak. Individuals who consumed more whole grains and fruits had lower levels of total, low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) cholesterol. We also found associations between the intake of legumes and nuts/seeds and reduced HDL-C levels. These findings suggested that these food groups might influence the lipid profile, contributing to CV health in a plant-based diet. A greater intake of spices/herbs was associated with lower uric acid levels, while diets rich in plant-based fast food and pasta (made from white flour) were associated with higher uric acid levels. A greater intake of various macronutrients, such as fiber, carbohydrates (from whole-food sources), proteins, and different types of fats (saturated fatty acids [SFAs], monounsaturated fatty acids [MUFAs], and polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFAs]), was associated with lower levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C (only for carbohydrates), and HDL-C. We found a unique negative correlation between PUFA intake and LDL-C, suggesting that PUFAs might significantly affect LDL-C levels. In contrast, increased fiber, protein and SFA consumption were associated with increased uric acid levels. These findings support the impact of dietary patterns on CV risk factors, highlighting that even small amounts of unhealthy food groups can significantly influence specific CV risk markers, regardless of the overall diet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Dietary Intake with Cardiovascular Risk in Long-Term “Plant-Based Eaters”: A Secondary Analysis of a Cross-Sectional Study

Jakše,

Godnov,

Fras

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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“…The purpose of our study was to create a methodology honoring the principles of health coaching (Wolever at al., 2013), defined in the universal and unequivocal terminology of behavior change technique (BCT) taxonomy v1 (Michie et al, 2013), utilizing the most effective BCTs according to current guidelines (Guerreiro et al, 2021) and other evidence provided by relevant systematic reviews (e.g., Ashton et al, 2020; Carraça et al, 2021; Samdal et al, 2017) and the “six pillars” of Lifestyle Medicine (Lippman et al, 2024) and to test the feasibility of its implementation and effectiveness in real-life private healthcare setting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Coaching 2.0: Redefining a Key Lifestyle Medicine Intervention, PrioMed Pilot Program Evaluation

Langinkoski,

Hämäläinen,

Rapo

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The world is suffering from a global epidemic of non-communicable diseases. Previous research has suggested that health coaching might be an effective way to help curb the epidemic. However, the ambiguous definition of health coaching hinders its widespread practical implementation.We redefined the coaching process in the universal language of behavior change techniques with evidence of effectiveness, postulating this would make the process more efficient to teach and to apply and lead to results with excellent time efficiency.This pilot study (n = 25) investigated the feasibility of such an approach. Despite the relatively short total time spent (< 4 hours per participant), the surveys conducted at baseline and six months showed significant improvements in customer-reported physical and mental health with implications of clinical significance.These promising results pave the way for a universal definition of the coaching process, signaling a brighter future for the practice that merits further exploration.

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“…1 Consequently, identifying mechanisms and implementing preventive measures to decelerate the aging process have emerged as new challenges for biomedical research and public health 1 . In response to these challenges, geroscience and lifestyle medicine have arisen as rapidly growing disciplines that study the role of lifestyle factors in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases 2,3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, the recognition of hypertension as a significant risk factor for most chronic diseases, coupled with its widely adopted treatment, is considered a major public health success that has substantially reduced the prevalence of and mortality from cardiovascular and other diseases 4,5 . Additionally, strong evidence from intervention trials supports the conclusion that primary preventive lifestyle measures-such as a healthy diet, regular physical activity, stress management, and smoking cessation-offer preventive benefits that are often superior to those of pharmacotherapy (reviewed in 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk for hypertension and heart failure linked to high normal serum sodium and tonicity in electronic medical records

Rabinowitz,

Darawshi,

Burak

et al. 2024

Preprint

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SummaryBackgroundPopulation aging is fueling an epidemic of age-related chronic diseases. Managing risk factors and lifestyle interventions have proven effective in disease prevention. Epidemiological studies have linked markers of poor hydration with higher risk of chronic diseases and premature mortality. Many individuals do not adhere to recommended hydration levels and could benefit from improved hydration habits. Our study evaluates the use of electronic medical records to confirm the relationship between inadequate hydration and the risk of chronic diseases, which may inform hydration-focused interventions in general healthcare.MethodsWe analyzed 20-year electronic medical records for 411,029 adults from Israel’s Leumit Healthcare Services. Hydration status was assessed using serum sodium and tonicity. We included adults without significant chronic diseases or water balance issues, defined as having normal serum sodium (135-146 mmol/l) and no diagnosis of diabetes. We used Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for age, to assess the risk of developing hypertension and heart failure.FindingsOur findings showed an increased risk of hypertension with elevated serum sodium levels: a 12% rise for the 140-142 mmol/l group and 30% for levels above 143 mmol/l (HR1.30, 95%CI:1.26-1.34). Tonicity over 287 mosmol/kg was associated with a 19% increased risk of hypertension (HR1.19, 95%CI:1.17-1.22). The risk of heart failure also increased, reaching 20% for sodium levels above 143 mmol/l (HR1.20,95%CI:1.12-1.29) and 16% for tonicity above 289 mosmol/kg (HR1.16, 95%CI: 1.10-1.22). The association between sodium and hypertension was observed across genders, while the risk of heart failure was more pronounced in females. Within the healthy Leumit cohort, 19% had serum sodium levels within the 143-146 mmol/l range, and 39% were in the 140-142 mmol/l range.InterpretationData analysis from electronic medical records identified a link between serum sodium of 140 mmol/l and above and increased risk of hypertension and heart failure in the general Israeli population. Identifying individuals with high-normal sodium values in healthcare records could guide improvements in hydration habits, potentially leading to better health outcomes.FundingThis work was funded by the Elie Wiesel Chair at Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, held by the lead author, and by Intramural Research program of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.

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Foundations of Lifestyle Medicine and its Evolution

Cited by 7 publications

References 56 publications

Associations of Dietary Intake with Cardiovascular Risk in Long-Term “Plant-Based Eaters”: A Secondary Analysis of a Cross-Sectional Study

Associations of Dietary Intake with Cardiovascular Risk in Long-Term “Plant-Based Eaters”: A Secondary Analysis of a Cross-Sectional Study

Health Coaching 2.0: Redefining a Key Lifestyle Medicine Intervention, PrioMed Pilot Program Evaluation

Risk for hypertension and heart failure linked to high normal serum sodium and tonicity in electronic medical records

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