Fostering Leadership through a Three-Week Experience: Does Outdoor Education Make a Difference?

Ewert, Alan; Overholt, Jillisa R.

doi:10.1353/roe.2010.0005

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Often such evaluations occur only at the conclusion of the course, when post-course euphoria effects (Marsh, Richards, & Barnes, 1986) may inflate apparent course outcomes (McEvoy & Buller, 1997), and before any actual workplace usefulness can be shown. For these reasons, evaluations that focus on long-term, behavioral (Ewert & Overholt, 2010) or organizational outcomes are of particular value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, their meta-analysis of 96 studies (including a few management-focused courses, but mostly generic youth and adult adventure programs) showed consistently positive immediate program outcomes for various personal characteristics, as well as long-term gains in many cases (average 5.5-month follow-up period). Recent studies have also demonstrated positive changes in self-reported attitudes or perceptions after outdoor adventure programs, both immediately (e.g., Sibthorp, Paisley, & Gookin, 2007; Goldenberg, Soule, Cummings, & Pronsolino, 2010) or some time after the event (e.g., Ewert & Overholt, 2010). Gassner, Kahlid, and Russell (2006) documented participant perception of continued personal outcomes from a course, up to 7 years later.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Behavior Change After Adventure Education Courses

Rhodes¹,

Martin

2013

Journal of Experiential Education

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In this case study, a mixed-method approach is used to examine the extent and type of changes in workplace attitudes and behavior, as self-reported by soldiers who had participated in 6-to 10-day "Experiential Leadership Development Activities" (ELDAs) delivered by the New Zealand Army Leadership Centre. Observations made by workplace colleagues of ELDA participants corroborated the self-report data, both reports being made on an average of 4 months after a course. The findings indicated that almost all participants (97%) perceived improvements in their own attitude and/or behavior, the main changes being in the areas of "improvements in dealing with challenges" and "having a more positive attitude." Most colleagues (87%) also noticed some improvement in behaviors, in similar areas. This mixed-method evaluation provides evidence of the benefits of adventure education courses, both prescribed and unpredicted outcomes, enhancing intra-and interpersonal skills in the workplace.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior Change After Adventure Education Courses

Rhodes¹,

Martin

2013

Journal of Experiential Education

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“…A review and three subsequently published original studies reported that various aspects of cooperation skills, such as trust in the group, responsibility, leadership and mutual aid, were improved after both short and long term outdoor education interventions (Frauman and Waryold, 2009; Ewert and Overholt, 2010; Harun and Salamuddin, 2010; White, 2012; Cooley et al, 2015). The review (Cooley et al, 2015) included four controlled studies, two of which were published within the time frame reviewed in the present systematic review (Harun and Salamuddin, 2010; Vlamis et al, 2011), as well as qualitative and observational studies which are not discussed here.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immersive Nature-Experiences as Health Promotion Interventions for Healthy, Vulnerable, and Sick Populations? A Systematic Review and Appraisal of Controlled Studies

et al. 2019

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In this systematic review, we summarized and evaluated the evidence for effects of, and associations between, immersive nature-experience on mental, physical, and social health promotion outcomes. Immersive nature-experience was operationalized as non-competitive activities, both sedentary and active, occurring in natural environments removed from everyday environments. We defined health according to the World Health Organization's holistic and positive definition of health and included steady-state, intermediate, and health promotion outcomes. An electronic search was performed for Danish, English, German, Norwegian, and Swedish articles published between January 2004 and May 2017. Manual approaches, e.g., bibliographies from experts, supplemented the literature search. Data were extracted from 461 publications that met the inclusion criteria. To assess the status and quality of the evidence for health promotion effects of immersive nature-experience, we focused on the subset of studies based on controlled designs ( n = 133). Outcome level quality of the evidence was assessed narratively. Interventions most often involved adventure-based activities, short-termed walking, and seated relaxation in natural environments. We found positive effects on a range of health promotion outcomes grouped under psychological wellbeing ( n = 97; ≈55% positive; ≈13% mixed; ≈29% non-significant; 2% negative); psychosocial function ( n = 67; ≈61% positive; ≈9% mixed; ≈30% non-significant); psychophysiological stress response ( n = 50; ≈58% positive; ≈18% mixed; ≈24% non-significant), and cognitive performance ( n = 36; ≈58% positive; ≈6% mixed; ≈33% non-significant; 3% negative); and social skills and relationships ( n = 34; ≈70% positive; ≈7% mixed; ≈22% non-significant). Findings related to outcomes categorized under physical health, e.g., risk of cardiovascular disease, were less consistent ( n = 51; ≈37% positive; ≈28% mixed; ≈35% non-significant). Across the types of interventions and outcomes, the quality of the evidence was deemed low and occasionally moderate. In the review, we identify, discuss, and present possible solutions to four core methodological challenges associated with investigating immersive nature-experience and health outcomes: (1) intervention and program complexity; (2) feasibility and desirability of randomization; (3) blinding of participants and researchers; and (4) transferability and generalizability. The results of the review have been published as a popular-scientific report and a scientific research overview, both in Danish language.

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“…Selon deux revues et plusieurs études originales, différents aspects de l'aptitude à coopérer, comme par exemple la confiance dans le groupe, la responsabilité, le leadership et la solidarité, sont améliorés et ceci, que l'intervention éducative en plein air soit de courte ou de longue durée [27,28,36,38,127,131]. Ces études ont porté sur les enfants, les adolescents et les adultes.…”

Section: Santé Socialeunclassified

De quelles preuves scientifiques disposons-nous concernant les effets des forêts et des arbres sur la santé et le bien-être humains ?

Nilsson¹,

Bentsen²,

Grahn³

et al. 2019

Santé Publique

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Dans la société actuelle, les maladies liées au mode de vie jouent un rôle de plus en plus important dans les causes de mauvaise santé. L’accès et le séjour dans des environnements qui contiennent des éléments naturels tels que les forêts, les parcs et les jardins ont attiré l’attention pour leur capacité à favoriser la santé et le bien-être humains. Un domaine de recherche à part entière s’est développé pour expliquer et attester du lien entre accès et activités dans la nature et santé humaine. L’action COST E39 « Forêts, arbres et la santé et le bien-être humains », initiée en 2004 et achevée en 2009, avait pour but de réunir des chercheurs européens qui travaillent sur les différents aspects de la relation entre nature et santé. Ses principaux résultats ont été présentés dans le livre Forests, Trees and Human Health publié en 2011. Cet article porte sur trois questions de recherche centrales concernant la relation entre nature et santé : les effets réparateurs, instauratifs et salutaires sur la santé humaine, les effets sur la santé des activités physiques de plein air et les interventions thérapeutiques telles que les jardins thérapeutiques et les bains de forêt. Une revue systématique de la recherche menée à la suite de l’action COST, permet d’aboutir aux conclusions suivantes : 1) Un nombre remarquable de publications de recherche mettent en évidence une corrélation statistique entre l’accès à la nature et aux espaces verts et l’activité physique humaine et la santé. Cependant, peu d’études établissent une relation de cause à effet permettant d’affirmer que l’accès aux espaces verts entraîne une plus grande activité physique et une meilleure santé. 2) La recherche existante sur les activités de plein air dans des environnements naturels fait état d’un certain nombre d’associations positives et effets sur la santé, dont certains sont solidement appuyés par des preuves, bien que sujets à des réserves quant à l’applicabilité immédiate des conclusions qu’on peut en tirer. 3) Beaucoup d’études montrent que des thérapies fondées sur la nature fonctionnent et donnent lieu à des effets clairement positifs, mais la qualité de ces études fait l’objet de sérieuses critiques. Enfin, les auteurs recommandent qu’une plus grande place soit accordée aux recherches sur les bénéfices économiques tirés des effets que la nature procure sur la santé et d’élargir la base théorique des études. De plus, une meilleure intégration de ces connaissances dans les politiques de la santé et leur mise en œuvre pratique dans le cadre de l’urbanisme et de la gestion des forêts sont à envisager.

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Fostering Leadership through a Three-Week Experience: Does Outdoor Education Make a Difference?

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Behavior Change After Adventure Education Courses

Behavior Change After Adventure Education Courses

Immersive Nature-Experiences as Health Promotion Interventions for Healthy, Vulnerable, and Sick Populations? A Systematic Review and Appraisal of Controlled Studies

De quelles preuves scientifiques disposons-nous concernant les effets des forêts et des arbres sur la santé et le bien-être humains ?

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