Fossil woods of Lophopetalum and Artocarpus from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of Mandla District, Madhya Pradesh, India

Mehrotra, R. C.; Prakash, U.; Bande, M. B.

doi:10.54991/jop.1984.1385

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Artocarpus ancestors probably spread throughout Eurasia in the Eocene and began to diversify during this period of higher global temperatures. There are limited fossils of Artocarpus and its ancestors in Asia, but there are wellcharacterized wood fossils from the Intertrappean Deccan Beds in India dated from the Paleocene to the Miocene periods (present record), suggesting the genus or its ancestors had reached India by then (Mehrotra et al 1984). This is consistent with dispersal across land, as India collided with Asia sometime between 43 and 50 Mya (Mcloughlin 2001, Sanmartín andRonquist 2004).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Macrofossils of Artocarpaceae and Lauraceae from Siwalik (Upper Miocene) Sediments of Himachal Pradesh, India and their Climatic and Biogeographic Significance

Pandey,

Shashi,

Kushwaha

et al. 2023

Int. J. Ecol. Environ. Sci.

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In the present investigation, a morpho-taxonomic study has been carried out on recently recovered plant macrofossils from the Siwalik Group (Middle Miocene) sediments of Sarkaghat, Mandi District, Himachal Pradesh, India. This has revealed the occurrence of two new fossil leaves belonging to the extant taxa, Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. and Phoebe opaca Blume. of the tropical dicotyledonous families, Artocarpaceae and Lauraceae respectively. As the nearest living relatives of the macrofossils reported here, are restricted to the southern part of India and southeastern Asia (Sri Lanka, Malaya, Indonesia, and Philippines), it is plausible that tropical forests under moist conditions were prevalent during the Upper Miocene times in this region. The recovered data also indicates prevalence of tropical climatic conditions during the Miocene in the Sarkaghat and nearby area.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Macrofossils of Artocarpaceae and Lauraceae from Siwalik (Upper Miocene) Sediments of Himachal Pradesh, India and their Climatic and Biogeographic Significance

Pandey,

Shashi,

Kushwaha

et al. 2023

Int. J. Ecol. Environ. Sci.

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“…Most species are found in tropical Asia and the Indo‐Pacific Islands; they are thought to originate in Laurasia (Zerega et al, 2005). Fossil woods related to Moraceae are present in the Deccan intertraps (Mehrotra et al, 1984; Wheeler et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First fossil woods and palm stems from the mid‐Paleocene of Myanmar and implications for biogeography and wood anatomy

Gentis,

Licht,

De Franceschi

et al. 2024

American J of Botany

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PremiseThe rise of angiosperm‐dominated tropical rainforests has been proposed to have occurred shortly after the Cretaceous‐Paleogene transition. Paleocene fossil wood assemblages are rare yet provide important data for understanding these forests and whether their wood anatomical features can allow us to document these changes.MethodThe anatomy of eleven specimens of Paleocene‐age is described using standard terminology and their affinities to present‐day taxa is investigated.Key resultsWe report here the first middle Paleocene fossil wood specimens from Myanmar, which was near the equator and anchored to India at that time. Some fossils share affinities with Arecaceae, Sapindales (Anacardiaceae, Meliaceae) and Moraceae and possibly Fabaceae or Lauraceae. One specimen is described as a new species and genus: Compitoxylon paleocenicum gen. et sp. nov.ConclusionsThis assemblage reveals the long‐lasting presence of these aforementioned groups in South Asia and suggests the early presence of multiple taxa of Laurasian affinity in Myanmar and India. The wood anatomical features of the dicotyledonous specimens reveal that both “modern” and “primitive” features (in a Baileyan scheme) are present with proportions similar to Paleocene Indian localities. Their anatomical diversity corroborates that tropical flora display “modern” features early in the history of angiosperms, and that their high diversity remained steady afterwards.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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“…We used one secondary and three fossil calibrations for divergence-time estimation following Zhang et al [45]: (1) one secondary calibration to constrain the crown age of Moraceae with a minimum age of 73.2 Mya and a maximum age of 84.7 Mya; (2) a wood fossil of Artocarpoxylon deccanensis Mehrotra, Prakash, and Bande from the early Tertiary [46] to constrain the minimum stem age of Artocarpus to 64 Mya; (3) an achene fossil of Ficus lucidus Chandler from the Paleocene-Eocene boundary [47] to constrain the minimum stem age of Ficus to 56 Mya; and (4) an achene fossil of M. tymensis Dorofeev from the Eocene-Oligocene boundary [48] to constrain the minimum stem age of Morus to 33.9 Mya.…”

Section: Divergence Time Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny and Biogeography of Morus (Moraceae)

Yang,

Liu,

Zerega

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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The mulberry genus, Morus L. (Moraceae), has long been taxonomically difficult, and its species circumscription has only been defined recently. This genus comprises ca. 16 species distributed across Asia and the Americas, yet its biogeographic history remains poorly understood. In this study, we reconstructed the phylogeny and explored the biogeographic history of Morus using a combination of newly generated and previously published Hyb-Seq data. Our nuclear phylogeny recovered three well-supported geographic clades of Morus and showed that M. notabilis (China) is sister to the American clade plus the Asian clade. Multiple reticulation events among species of Morus and extensive incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) likely explain the difficulties in inferring phylogenetic relationships within the genus. Divergence time estimation indicated that Morus originated at the Eocene–Oligocene boundary, and current lineages started to diverge during the early Miocene, there is ambiguity surrounding the ancestral area with the two most likely regions being Sino-Himalaya or the Americas. Biogeographic inference and the fossil record suggest that Morus might have experienced extensive local extinction events during the Tertiary. Morus has expanded its distributional range through two dispersals from the Sino-Himalayan and Sino-Japanese regions to Southeast Asia. In summary, our new phylogenetic scheme and the biogeographic history presented here provide an essential foundation for understanding species relationships and the evolutionary history of Morus.

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Fossil woods of Lophopetalum and Artocarpus from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of Mandla District, Madhya Pradesh, India

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Macrofossils of Artocarpaceae and Lauraceae from Siwalik (Upper Miocene) Sediments of Himachal Pradesh, India and their Climatic and Biogeographic Significance

Macrofossils of Artocarpaceae and Lauraceae from Siwalik (Upper Miocene) Sediments of Himachal Pradesh, India and their Climatic and Biogeographic Significance

First fossil woods and palm stems from the mid‐Paleocene of Myanmar and implications for biogeography and wood anatomy

Phylogeny and Biogeography of Morus (Moraceae)

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