Fossil Insect Eggs and Ovipositional Damage on Bennettitalean Leaf Cuticles from the Carnian (Upper Triassic) of Austria

Pott, Christian; Labandeira, Conrad C.; Krings, Michael; Kerp, Hans

doi:10.1666/06-094.1

Cited by 56 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, exophytic oviposition is done by insects either lacking an external ovipositor or possessing a modified, nonslicing ovipositor (Labandeira, 2006), and any resulting effects on plant surface features rarely preserve as fossils. In addition, egg morphology also can be useful to distinguish the type of oviposition, when infrequently present (e.g., Sahlén, 1995;Vasilenko and Rasnitsyn, 2007;Vasilenko, 2008;Pott et al, 2008;Krassilov and Silantieva, 2008). Corbet (1999) characterized endophytic odonatan eggs as rather elongate, often flattened, and several times longer than wide, whereas exophytic eggs are more ellipsoidal to subspherical.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diagnosis is emended here to avoid the use of an interpretative concept, such as ''eggs'' and to provide a more accurate description of the oviposition pattern. However, Pott et al (2008) have described Late Triassic oviposition scars from Austria with preserved ovoidal egg cuticles in bennettitalean leaves, arranged in a near-circular pattern but lacking the linearity of P. rectus. These early Mesozoic ichnospecies can be distinguished from the ichnospecies P. rectus because of the arrangement of scars in a single row.…”

Section: Systematic Ichnologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Odonatan endophytic oviposition from the Eocene of Patagonia: The ichnogenusPaleoovoidusand implications for behavioral stasis

et al. 2009

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ABSTRACT-We document evidence of endophytic oviposition on fossil compression/impression leaves from the early Eocene Laguna del Hunco and middle Eocene Río Pichileufú floras of Patagonia, Argentina. Based on distinctive morphologies and damage patterns of elongate, ovoid, lens-, or teardrop-shaped scars in the leaves, we assign this insect damage to the ichnogenus Paleoovoidus, consisting of an existing ichnospecies, P. rectus, and two new ichnospecies, P. arcuatum and P. bifurcatus. In P. rectus, the scars are characteristically arranged in linear rows along the midvein; in P. bifurcatus, scars are distributed in double rows along the midvein and parallel to secondary veins; and in P. arcuatum, scars are deployed in rectilinear and arcuate rows. In some cases, the narrow, angulate end of individual scars bear a darkened region encompassing a circular hole or similar feature indicating ovipositor tissue penetration. A comparison to the structure and surface pattern of modern ovipositional damage on dicotyledonous leaves suggests considerable similarity to certain zygopteran Odonata. Specifically, members of the Lestidae probably produced P. rectus and P. bifurcatus, whereas species of Coenagrionidae were responsible for P. arcuatum. Both Patagonian localities represent an elevated diversity of potential fern, gymnosperm, and especially angiosperm hosts, the targets of all observed oviposition. However, we did not detect targeting of particular plant families. Our results indicate behavioral stasis for the three ovipositional patterns for at least 50 million years. Nevertheless, synonymy of these oviposition patterns with midMesozoic ichnospecies indicates older origins for these distinctive modes of oviposition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Systematic Ichnologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Odonatan endophytic oviposition from the Eocene of Patagonia: The ichnogenusPaleoovoidusand implications for behavioral stasis

et al. 2009

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“…Recent cuticular studies of a Late Triassic flora from Austria suggested that some bennettitalean species may have been adapted to locally moist habitats, predominantly peat-bogs or swamps requiring a high groundwater table, while growing within a region that experienced some dry intervals (Pott et al 2008a(Pott et al , 2008b. Although the overall composition was suggestive of a more or less humid environment, epidermal and cuticular adaptations pointed to some drought tolerance amongst the plants.…”

Section: Palaeoecological and Palaeoenvironmental Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Jurassic flora of Western Australia

McLoughlin

Pott

2009

GFF

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“…Some insect eggs (especially those of lepidopterans) also have morphologies superficially similar to the reticulate structure of Pegmatothylakos (Sourakov and Emmel, 1995;Dunn, 2010), and several examples of ornate Mesozoic insect eggs have recently been described in detail (e.g., Pott et al, 2008;Heřmanová and Kvaček, 2010;Heřmanová et al, 2013;Fisher and Watson, 2015). However, both modern and fossil insect eggs have complex wall anatomies and surface morphologies with reiterating patterns (Hinton, 1970(Hinton, , 1981Ren, 1992;Wolf and Reid, 2001;Fisher and Watson, 2015) that allow their differentiation from annelid cocoons.…”

Section: Zoobankorg/339baebc-42c6-46e3-b480-61b6e3e8ca4dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fossil clitellate annelid cocoons and their microbiological inclusions from the Eocene of Seymour Island, Antarctica

McLoughlin

Bomfleur

Mörs

et al. 2016

Palaeontologia Electronica

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Clitellate annelids have a meagre body fossil record but they secrete proteinaceous cocoons for the protection of eggs that, after hardening, are readily fossilized and offer a largely untapped resource for assessing the evolutionary history of this group. We describe three species of clitellate cocoons (viz., Burejospermum seymourense sp. nov., B. punctatum sp. nov. and Pegmatothylakos manumii gen. et sp. nov.) from the lower Eocene La Meseta Formation, Seymour Island, Antarctica. The cocoons probably derive from continental settings and were transported to, and preserved within, nearshore marine to estuarine environments. The cocoons provide the first evidence of commensal or parasitic relationships in the Eocene continental ecosystems of Antarctica. Moreover, numerous micro-organisms and the oldest fossilized examples of animal spermatozoa are preserved as moulds within the consolidated walls of the cocoons. Fossil annelid cocoons offer potential for enhanced palaeoenvironmental interpretation of sediments, correlation between continental and shallowmarine strata, and improved understanding of the development of clitellate annelid reproductive traits and the evolutionary history of soft-bodied micro-organisms in general.

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Fossil Insect Eggs and Ovipositional Damage on Bennettitalean Leaf Cuticles from the Carnian (Upper Triassic) of Austria

Cited by 56 publications

References 38 publications

Odonatan endophytic oviposition from the Eocene of Patagonia: The ichnogenusPaleoovoidusand implications for behavioral stasis

Odonatan endophytic oviposition from the Eocene of Patagonia: The ichnogenusPaleoovoidusand implications for behavioral stasis

The Jurassic flora of Western Australia

Fossil clitellate annelid cocoons and their microbiological inclusions from the Eocene of Seymour Island, Antarctica

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