Fossil Fleshy Fungi (“Mushrooms”) in Amber

Poinar, George

doi:10.4172/2165-8056.1000142

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Basidiomycota occurs in all terrestrial ecosystems, and some also live in aquatic habitats. The oldest unambiguous Basidiomycota fossils are from the early Cretaceous ( Poinar, 2016 ), while molecular clock dating suggests that the group may have existed by the upper Devonian, about 340 million years ago ( Berbee and Taylor, 1993 ). Currently, Basidiomycota is a structural and functional component of paramount importance in earth ecosystems as either saprotrophs, pathogens or ectomycorrhizal fungi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome Community Structure and Functional Gene Partitioning in Different Micro-Niches Within a Sporocarp-Forming Fungus

Liu

Chater

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Thelephora ganbajun is a wild edible mushroom highly appreciated throughout China. The microbiomes of some fungal sporocarps have been studied, however, their potential functional roles currently remain uncharacterized. Here, functional gene microarrays (GeoChip 5.0) and amplicon sequencing were employed to define the taxonomic and functional attributes within three micro-niches of T. ganbajun. The diversity and composition of bacterial taxa and their functional genes differed significantly (p < 0.01) among the compartments. Among 31,117 functional genes detected, some were exclusively recorded in one sporocarp compartment: 1,334 genes involved in carbon (mdh) and nitrogen fixation (nifH) in the context; 524 genes influencing carbon (apu) and sulfite reduction (dsrB, dsra) in the hymenophore; and 255 genes involved in sulfur oxidation (soxB and soxC) and polyphosphate degradation (ppx) in the pileipellis. These results shed light on a previously unknown microbiome and functional gene partitioning in sporome compartments of Basidiomycota. This also has great implications for their potential ecological and biogeochemical functions, demonstrating a higher genomic complexity than previously thought.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome Community Structure and Functional Gene Partitioning in Different Micro-Niches Within a Sporocarp-Forming Fungus

Liu

Chater

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…1–4 (borings) [this fungal taxon was introduced using a trace fossil (boring) as the holotype] 17 ; Poinar (2016): 2, figs. 10, 15, 16 (borings) 18 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bivalve shells and borings in Cretaceous amber from northern Myanmar were initially identified as plant antheridia or fungal sporangia, and the first careful reconstruction of this fossil, showing immature shell with interior and exterior futures was presented 16 . Later, the piddock trace fossils were described as sporocarps of the non-gilled hymenomycete Palaeoclavaria burmitis Poinar & Brown, 2003 17 , 18 . Further researchers recorded fossil remains of piddock shells inside the borings and those “floating” in the amber 15 , 19 , 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new fossil piddock (Bivalvia: Pholadidae) may indicate estuarine to freshwater environments near Cretaceous amber-producing forests in Myanmar

Bolotov

Aksenova

Vikhrev

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The lower Cenomanian Kachin amber from Myanmar contains a species-rich assemblage with numerous plant and animal fossils. Terrestrial and, to a lesser degree, freshwater species predominate in this assemblage, while a few taxa with marine affinities were also discovered, e.g. isopods, ammonites, and piddocks. Here, we describe the Kachin amber piddock †Palaeolignopholas kachinensis gen. & sp. nov. It appears to be an ancestral stem lineage of the recent Lignopholas piddocks, which are estuarine to freshwater bivalves, boring into wood and mudstone rocks. Frequent occurrences and high abundance of †Palaeolignopholas borings and preserved shells in the Kachin amber could indicate that the resin-producing forest was partly situated near a downstream (estuarine to freshwater) section of a river. Multiple records of freshwater invertebrates (caddisflies, mayflies, stoneflies, odonates, and chironomids) in this amber could also manifest in favor of our paleo-environmental reconstruction, although a variety of local freshwater environments is known to occur in coastal settings.

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“…Archaeomarasmius leggetti Hibbett et al 1997 was found in Turonian New Jersey amber, 90-94 Mya. Many basidiomycetes were described from the Cenomanian Kachin amber (Poinar & Brown 2003;Poinar et al 2014;Poinar 2016). More recently, mycelium with clasps' connections has been discovered from the Cretaceous of Northeast China (Tian et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First carnivorous fungus from Santonian Taimyr amber

Sukhomlyn¹,

Perkovsky

2023

Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh

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Mycelium from the Yantardakh Lagerstätte (Santonian of Taimyr) is reported. Its hyphae are arranged mostly parallel, weakly branched and septated. The clamp connections indicate the Basidiomycota affinity. Two types of outgrowths are formed on the mycelium, located perpendicular to the parent hypha: the former rather long and common; and the latter are short peg-shaped, formed with a lower frequency. Arthroconidia and large spherical structures, looking like exudate drops are observed upon hyphae. Hyphae rings similar to the trapping loops of extant Basidiomycota have been found. Altogether, these rings, numerous drops and peg-like hyphal outgrowths may be interpreted as this mycelium belongs to nematophagous fungus of Agaricomycetes. Thus, this is the first finding of mycelium putatively nematophagous Basidiomycota from the Cretaceous of North Asia, which also implies the presence of nematodes in the Taimyr amber forest.

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Fossil Fleshy Fungi (“Mushrooms”) in Amber

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Microbiome Community Structure and Functional Gene Partitioning in Different Micro-Niches Within a Sporocarp-Forming Fungus

Microbiome Community Structure and Functional Gene Partitioning in Different Micro-Niches Within a Sporocarp-Forming Fungus

A new fossil piddock (Bivalvia: Pholadidae) may indicate estuarine to freshwater environments near Cretaceous amber-producing forests in Myanmar

First carnivorous fungus from Santonian Taimyr amber

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