Fossil Crustaceans as Parasites and Hosts

Klompmaker, Adiël A.; Boxshall, Geoff A.

doi:10.1016/bs.apar.2015.06.001

Cited by 55 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…The wall of these endocysts is constructed by the stereom overgrowth of the host echinoderm (exclusively echinoids) that reacts to the activity of the producer, thus embedding it. Copepods (Crustacea) have been proposed as probable tracemaker from the Ordovician onward (see extensive review in Klompmaker and Boxshall, 2015). These endocysts are especially prevalent in the Middle to Late Jurassic (Mercier, 1939;Radwańska and Radwański, 2005 and references therein).…”

Section: Asterozoan Tracesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Echinoderm ichnology: bioturbation, bioerosion and related processes

Belaústegui¹,

Muñiz²,

Nebelsick³

et al. 2017

J. Paleontol.

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Abstract.-Among invertebrates and both in modern and ancient marine environments, certain echinoderms have been and are some of the most active and widespread bioturbators and bioeroders. Bioturbation and/or bioerosion of regular and irregular echinoids, starfish, brittle stars, sea cucumbers and crinoids are known from modern settings, and some of the resulting traces have their counterparts in the fossil record. By contrast, surficial trails or trackways produced by other modern echinoderms, e.g., sand dollars, exhibit a lower preservation rate and have not yet been identified in the fossil record. In addition, the unique features of the echinoderm skeleton (e.g., composition, rapid growth, multi-element architecture, etc.) may promote the production of related traces produced by the reutilization of echinoderm ossicles (e.g., burrow lining), predation (e.g., borings), or parasitism (e.g., swellings or cysts). Finally, the skeletal robustness of some echinoids may promote their post mortum use as benthic islands for the settlement of hard-substrate dwellers.

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Section: Asterozoan Tracesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Echinoderm ichnology: bioturbation, bioerosion and related processes

Belaústegui¹,

Muñiz²,

Nebelsick³

et al. 2017

J. Paleontol.

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“…The most likely source of these swellings is bopyrids, although some extant entoniscids also produce carapace swellings. Klompmaker et al (2014) erected an ichnotaxon, Kanthyloma crusta, to accommodate all such carapace swellings in fossil hosts, although this act has been somewhat controversial (see Donovan 2015, Klompmaker & Boxshall 2015. The first body fossils of epicarideans were recently described from Miocene amber, but they are cryptoniscus larvae whose superfamilial affinities are indeterminate (Serrano-Sa´nchez et al, 2016).…”

Section: Collectingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods of detection, collection and preservation of parasitic isopods (Isopoda: Epicaridea)

Boyko

Williams

2016

Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

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“…Some exoskeletal deformations resulting in swellings of the gill cavity are also well‐known traces of epicaridean isopods parasitizing other crustaceans (very specialized type of parasitism; Klompmaker et al . ; Klompmaker & Boxshall ). Apart from these types of remains, fossilized traces of isopods associated with victim/food resources are extremely rare.…”

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confidence: 99%

Eocene isopods on electric rays: tracking ancient biological interactions from a complex fossil record

et al. 2018

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Isopod crustaceans have developed a variety of feeding strategies, which impact on their various life habits over time. Apart from morphological adaptations and the typical secondary deformations that some parasitic isopods inflict on their host's exoskeleton, traces of feeding behaviours involving isopods on their victim/food are seldom fossilized. Many of these rare occurrences consist of cases for which the degree of association between the isopods and their potential food source is unclear, or the interaction only very briefly explained (recently analysed cases excepted). There are two limiting problems in identifying the biological nature of fossilized associations: (1) direct associations of organisms preserved as ‘imprint’ (as opposed to inclusions in cherts or amber) are shaped by several taphonomic events difficult to identify (such as the time of death, burial and fossilization of the organism); (2) even in modern nature, differences within syn vivo interactions (like parasitism and micropredation) are poorly understood in marine systems. We report the occurrence of isopods associated with ancient chondrichthyans which also represent rare cases of the preservation of several fossil isopods on larger organisms. These organisms are adult electric rays of the genus †Titanonarke Carvalho from the late Ypresian (Eocene) of the Monte Postale site, Bolca Lagerstätte, Italy. By examining: (1) the involved lineages of rays and isopods; (2) the taphonomy of the association; (3) its environmental context; and (4) biological/adaptive features; we identify this association as a selective case, either of ancient scavenging or of micropredation on specific electric rays by isopods.

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Fossil Crustaceans as Parasites and Hosts

Cited by 55 publications

References 159 publications

Echinoderm ichnology: bioturbation, bioerosion and related processes

Echinoderm ichnology: bioturbation, bioerosion and related processes

Methods of detection, collection and preservation of parasitic isopods (Isopoda: Epicaridea)

Eocene isopods on electric rays: tracking ancient biological interactions from a complex fossil record

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