2021
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128070
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Forward osmosis with direct contact membrane distillation using tetrabutylphosphonium p-toluenesulfonate as an effective and safe thermo-recyclable osmotic agent for seawater desalination

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Cited by 23 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…The protons on the alkyl moieties of the quaternary cations of [N 4444 ][NS] and [P 4444 ][NS] and the aromatic moieties of the anion have the ability to accept the oxygen lone pairs in water. 65 In addition, when the solution temperature increases above the LCST with gentle heating, the ion–ion interactions, which occur between [N 4444 ] + and [NS] − and between [P 4444 ] + and [NS] − , are more dominant than the ion–water interactions, contributing to the aggregation and subsequently causing turbidity and formation of a heterogeneous solution.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The protons on the alkyl moieties of the quaternary cations of [N 4444 ][NS] and [P 4444 ][NS] and the aromatic moieties of the anion have the ability to accept the oxygen lone pairs in water. 65 In addition, when the solution temperature increases above the LCST with gentle heating, the ion–ion interactions, which occur between [N 4444 ] + and [NS] − and between [P 4444 ] + and [NS] − , are more dominant than the ion–water interactions, contributing to the aggregation and subsequently causing turbidity and formation of a heterogeneous solution.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These results indicated that the increasing trend of [P 4444 ]­[C 10 S] was more prominent in the AL-DS mode than in the AL-FS mode. This is associated with the absence of dilutive ICP as the draw solution is in direct contact with the active layer. , The AL-DS mode did not suffer from concentrative ICP owing to the use of distilled water as feed. Therefore, the overall effective osmotic pressure gradient (Δπ eff ) was higher than that in the AL-FS mode, leading to higher water flux values in the AL-DS mode.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Several very recent papers might mark a renewed interest in the subject [ 180 , 181 , 182 ]. An urgent problem that needs to be addressed in future studies is the relatively low water flow achieved until now by thermoresponsive IL/water desalination set ups.…”
Section: Applicationsmentioning
confidence: 99%