Forward Osmosis Membrane Technology in Wastewater Treatment

Abstract

In recent times, membrane technology has proven to be a more favorable option in wastewater treatment processes. Membrane technologies are more advantageous than conventional technologies such as efficiency, space requirements, energy, quality of permeate, and technical skills requirements. The forward osmosis (FO) membrane process has been widely applied as one of the promising technologies in water and wastewater treatment. Forward osmosis uses the osmotic pressure difference induced by the solute concentration difference between the feed and draw solutions. The proces requires a semi-permeable membrane which has comparable rejection range in size of pollutants (1 nm and below). This chapter reviews the application of FO membrane process in wastewater treatment. It considers the advantages and the disadvantages of this process.

Utilizing Hybrid RO-OARO Systems as New Methods for Desalination Process

“…Reverse osmosis membranes are extensively utilized in various applications, including wastewater purification, drinking water treatment, seawater desalination, food and dairy industries, and medical applications [12][13][14][15]. In addition to RO, the forward osmosis membrane technology is also considered one of the most promising technologies for purifying water and wastewater, which has widespread use [4,17]. Recent advancements in the RO area have resulted in new technologies named according to the research team as follows: reverse osmosis system with recirculation (RRO) [18], osmotically assisted reverse osmosis (OARO) [18][19][20][21][22][23][24], draw solution assisted reverse osmosis (DSARO) [25], osmotically enhanced dewatering reverse osmosis (OED-RO) [26,27], cascading osmotically mediated reverse osmosis (COMRO) [28], split-feed counter-flow (or coflow) reverse osmosis (split-feed CFRO) [29], osmotically enhanced reverse osmosis (OERO) [30], and osmotically assisted solvent reverse osmosis [31].…”

A Sequential Membrane Process of Ultrafiltration Forward Osmosis and Reverse Osmosis for Poultry Slaughterhouse Wastewater Treatment and Reuse

“…The research on FO has been mainly on municipal wastewater, oily wastewater, tanner wastewater, automobile effluents, dairy streams, and produced wastewater. However, to our knowledge, no research has been conducted on PSWW using FO [ 11 , 12 ]. This study explores the performance of FO for the first time for the treatment and reusing PSWW treatment.…”