Forward-looking intracardiac imaging catheters using fully integrated CMUT arrays

Nikoozadeh, Amin; Oralkan, Ömer; Gencel, Mustafa; Choe, Jung Woo; Stephens, Douglas N.; Rama, Alan de la; Chen, Peter; Lin, Feng Han; Dentinger, Aaron; Wildes, Douglas; Thomenius, Kai E.; Shivkumar, Kalyanam; Mahajan, Aman; Seo, Chi Hyung; O’Donnell, Matthew; Truong, Uyen; Sahn, David J.; Khuri-Yakub, Pierre

doi:10.1109/ultsym.2010.5935817

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…With a broad range of ultrasonic applications, the CMUT membrane structures and device configurations show a large variety. Membranes range from circular, hexagonal, square, to rectangular in shape in the lateral dimension, and range from mass-loaded membranes, substrate-embedded springs for improving displacement profiles to multilevel membrane structures for more uniform, parallel-plate-like electrostatic pressure distribution in the thickness dimension [8], [9]. CMUTs with multiple electrodes are designed and fabricated for better controlled transmit and receive sensitivity, and for effective use of higher order vibration modes for super-resolution imaging [10]–[12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nonlinear lumped model for ultrasound systems using CMUT arrays

Satır

Degertekin

2015

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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We present a nonlinear lumped model that predicts the electrical input-output behavior of an ultrasonic system using CMUTs with arbitrary array/membrane/electrode geometry in different transmit-receive configurations and drive signals. The receive-only operation, where the electrical output signal of the CMUT array in response to incident pressure field is calculated, is included by modifying the boundary element based vibroacoustic formulation for a CMUT array in rigid baffle. Along with the accurate large signal transmit model, this formulation covers pitch-catch and pulse-echo operation when transmit and receive signals can be separated in time. In cases when this separation is not valid, such as CMUTs used in continuous wave transmit-receive mode, pulse-echo mode with a nearby hard or soft wall or in a bounded space such as in a microfluidic channel, an efficient formulation based on the method of images is used. Some of these particular applications and the overall modeling approach have been validated through comparison with finite element analysis on specific examples including CMUTs with multiple electrodes. To further demonstrate the capability of the model for imaging applications, the two-way response of a partial dual-ring intravascular ultrasound array is simulated using a parallel computing cluster, where the output currents of individual array elements are calculated for given input pulse and compared with experimental results. With its versatility, the presented model can be a useful tool for rapid iterative CMUT-based system design and simulation for a broad range of ultrasonic applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nonlinear lumped model for ultrasound systems using CMUT arrays

Satır

Degertekin

2015

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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“…Commercial medical imaging systems, such as Vivid 7 (GE Healthcare, Wauwatosa, WI) [14], [15], ACUSON SC2000 (Siemens Medical Solutions, Mountain View, CA), HD15 (Philips Healthcare, Andover, MA), and Model 1 (Volumetrics Medical Imaging, Durham, NC) [8], [9], can be used for volumetric real-time imaging with a ring array using conventional beamforming methods, simply by changing the probe geometry definition. Light et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volumetric real-time imaging using a CMUT ring array

Choe

Oralkan

Nikoozadeh

et al. 2012

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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A ring array provides a very suitable geometry for forward-looking volumetric intracardiac and intravascular ultrasound imaging. We fabricated an annular 64-element capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) array featuring a 10-MHz operating frequency and a 1.27-mm outer radius. A custom software suite was developed to run on a PC-based imaging system for real-time imaging using this device. This paper presents simulated and experimental imaging results for the described CMUT ring array. Three different imaging methods—flash, classic phased array (CPA), and synthetic phased array (SPA)—were used in the study. For SPA imaging, two techniques to improve the image quality—Hadamard coding and aperture weighting—were also applied. The results show that SPA with Hadamard coding and aperture weighting is a good option for ring-array imaging. Compared with CPA, it achieves better image resolution and comparable signal-to-noise ratio at a much faster image acquisition rate. Using this method, a fast frame rate of up to 463 volumes per second is achievable if limited only by the ultrasound time of flight; with the described system we reconstructed three cross-sectional images in real-time at 10 frames per second, which was limited by the computation time in synthetic beamforming.

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“…We used this forward-looking microlinear catheter in-vivo to image a porcine heart model (Fig. 7.b) [Nikoozadeh10B]. These catheters demonstrate how miniature transducer arrays with integrated electronics are enabled by CMUT technology, especially critical for catheter-based imaging applications.…”

Section: Imaging Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers for medical imaging and therapy

Khuri‐Yakub

Oralkan

2011

J. Micromech. Microeng.

260

129

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Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) have been subject to extensive research for the last two decades. Although they were initially developed for air-coupled applications, today their main application space is medical imaging and therapy. This paper first presents a brief description of CMUTs, their basic structure, and operating principles. Our progression of developing several generations of fabrication processes is discussed with an emphasis on the advantages and disadvantages of each process. Monolithic and hybrid approaches for integrating CMUTs with supporting integrated circuits are surveyed. Several prototype transducer arrays with integrated frontend electronic circuits we developed and their use for 2-D and 3-D, anatomical and functional imaging, and ablative therapies are described. The presented results prove the CMUT as a MEMS technology for many medical diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

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Forward-looking intracardiac imaging catheters using fully integrated CMUT arrays

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

A nonlinear lumped model for ultrasound systems using CMUT arrays

A nonlinear lumped model for ultrasound systems using CMUT arrays

Volumetric real-time imaging using a CMUT ring array

Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers for medical imaging and therapy

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