Forty years of economic growth and plummeting mortality: the mortality experience of the poorly educated in South Korea

Bahk, Jinwook; Lynch, John; Khang, Young-Ho

doi:10.1136/jech-2016-207707

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Several previous studies examined socioeconomic inequality in mortality and LE over the past decades in Korea and found an unabated trend towards inequality 5 26 27. The increase in LE inequality according to education was clearer in women than in men 27.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Socioeconomic inequalities in LE rather than socioeconomic inequalities in mortality or health behaviours might be better accepted as the overarching target for health equity to the public. A recent study showed that both relative and absolute educational inequality in mortality had not decreased in the four decades since 1970 in Korea 5. Each socioeconomic position (SEP) indicator has distinct influences in promoting or damaging population health 6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trends in inequality in life expectancy at birth between 2004 and 2017 and projections for 2030 in Korea: multiyear cross-sectional differences by income from national health insurance data

Khang¹,

Bahk

Lim

et al. 2019

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesThe current status, time trends and future projections of a national health equity target are crucial elements of national health equity surveillance. This study examined time trends in inequality by income in life expectancy (LE) at birth between 2004 and 2017 and made future projections for the year 2030 in Korea.DesignUsing individually linked mortality data, time trends in inequality by income in LE at birth were examined. The LE projection was made with the Lee-Carter model.SettingTotal Korean population and death data derived from the National Health Information Database of the National Health Insurance Service.ParticipantsA total of 685 773 157 subjects and 3 486 893 deaths between 2004 and 2017 were analysed.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAnnual LE and the magnitude of inequality by income in LE between 2004 and 2030.ResultsInequality by income in LE among the total Korean population increased during the past 14 years, and this inequality is projected to become even greater in the future. In 2030, the magnitude of inequality by income in LE is projected to increase by 0.25 years in comparison to the magnitude in 2017. The increase in LE inequality was projected to be more prominent among women, with a projected 1.08 year increase in LE inequality between 2017 and 2030.ConclusionAggressive policies should be developed to close the increasing LE gap in Korea. LE inequalities by income should be considered as a measurable target for health equity in the process of establishing the National Health Plan 2030 in Korea.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in inequality in life expectancy at birth between 2004 and 2017 and projections for 2030 in Korea: multiyear cross-sectional differences by income from national health insurance data

Khang¹,

Bahk

Lim

et al. 2019

BMJ Open

Self Cite

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“…This finding is unexpected, since absolute differences in all-cause mortality according to socioeconomic position are generally greater in men than in women [25]. Prior Korean studies also showed that absolute differences in all-cause mortality and life expectancy according to socioeconomic position indicators, such as education and income, were greater in men than in women [26,27,28]. Two possible explanations can be proposed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Life Expectancy Gap between Registered Disabled and Non-Disabled People in Korea from 2004 to 2017

Bahk

Kang

Khang

2019

IJERPH

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This study aimed to estimate and compare life expectancy at birth among people with and without officially registered disabilities in Korea between 2004 and 2017. We used the National Health Information Database in Korea to obtain aggregate data on the numbers of population and deaths according to calendar year (2004 to 2017), sex, age groups, and officially registered disability status. A total of 697,503,634 subjects and 3,536,778 deaths, including 33,221,916 disabled subjects (829,464 associated deaths), were used to construct life tables. Between 2004 and 2017, life expectancy for people with disabilities increased by 9.1 years in men and 8.3 years in women, while life expectancy for the non-disabled increased by 5.5 years in men and 4.6 years in women. The average life expectancy difference between non-disabled and disabled people was 18.2 years during the study period, decreasing from 20.4 years in 2004 to 16.4 years in 2017. In 2017, the life expectancy of people with the most severe grade of disabilities was 49.7 years, while the life expectancy of people with the least severe grade of disabilities was 77.7 years. The government should implement more effective policies to protect the health of people with officially registered disabilities.

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“…In general, the recent increase in the numbers of older people in developed countries is a consequence of advances in hygiene and biomedicine as well as an artefact of human civilization [21]. In particular, South Korea has experienced rapid economic development and a substantial increase in life expectancy in an extremely short period, between 1970 and 2010, mainly due to the rapid processes of industrialization and urbanization [22,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stretched Exponential Survival Analysis for South Korean Females

Weon

2019

Applied Sciences

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South Korea has recently exhibited a remarkable rapid increase in female lifespan. Here, a mathematical analysis is suggested for a clear interpretation of current trends in female lifespan in South Korea. To mathematically analyze life tables, a modified stretched exponential function is employed and demonstrated to estimate current trends of female lifespan in South Korea based on reliable life tables from 1987 to 2016 taken from the Korean Statistical Information Service. This methodology enables us to perform quantitative and comparative analyses of female lifespan in South Korea with representative industrialized countries such as Japan, France, Australia, Switzerland, UK, Sweden, and USA. This analysis provides quantitative and comparative evidence that South Korea has the highest increase rate of female lifespan over the past three decades. Further application would be feasible for a better estimation of human aging statistics.

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Forty years of economic growth and plummeting mortality: the mortality experience of the poorly educated in South Korea

Abstract: The South Korean experience over the past 40 years suggests that plummeting mortality rates and huge advances in education at the population level do not translate into reduced educational inequalities in mortality.

Cited by 15 publications

References 42 publications

Trends in inequality in life expectancy at birth between 2004 and 2017 and projections for 2030 in Korea: multiyear cross-sectional differences by income from national health insurance data

Trends in inequality in life expectancy at birth between 2004 and 2017 and projections for 2030 in Korea: multiyear cross-sectional differences by income from national health insurance data

The Life Expectancy Gap between Registered Disabled and Non-Disabled People in Korea from 2004 to 2017

Stretched Exponential Survival Analysis for South Korean Females

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