Förster Resonance Energy Transfer‐Activated Processes in Smart Nanotheranostics Fabricated in a Sustainable Manner

Abstract

Multilayer nanocarriers loaded with optically activated payloads are gaining increasing attention due to their anticipated crucial role for providing new mechanisms of energy transfers in the health-oriented applications, as well as for energy storage and environmental protection. The combination of careful selection of optical components for efficient Förster resonance energy transfer, and surface engineering of the nanocarriers, allowed us to synthesize and characterize novel theranostic nanosystems for diagnosis and therapy of deep-seated tumors. The cargo, constrained within the oil core of the nanocapsules, composed of NaYF :Tm , Yb up-converting nanoparticles together with a second-generation porphyrin-based photosensitizing agent-Verteporfin, assured requisite diagnostic and therapeutic functions under near-IR laser excitation. The outer polyaminoacid shell of the nanocapsules was functionalized with a ligand-poly(l-glutamic acid) functionalized by PEG-ylated folic acid-to ensure both a "stealth" effect and active targeting towards human breast cancer cells. The preparation criteria of all nanocarrier building blocks meet the requirements for sustainable and green chemistry practices. The multifunctionality of the proposed nanocarriers is a consequence of both the surface-functionalized organic exterior part, which was accessible for selective accumulation in cancer cells, and the hydrophobic optically active interior, which shows phototoxicity upon irradiation within the first biological window.

Functional CdS-Au Nanocomposite for Efficient Photocatalytic, Photosensitizing, and Two-Photon Applications

“…Finally, we performed two-photon excited emission (TPEE) measurements for CdS-5Au NPs, obtaining their two-photon absorption (TPA) cross-section values up to 15.8 × 10 3 GM (Goeppert-Mayer units). We conclude that the obtained water-soluble CdS-Au NPs exhibit potential triple functionalities as photocatalysts for reduction and oxidation reactions as well as materials for two-photon absorption applications, so that they may be considered as future theranostics.Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 715 2 of 13 and therapy (theranostics) [1]. In the case of energy, multifunctionality may be used for so-called 'smart windows', which possess not only energy saving, but also storing ability [2], while efficient energy generation may be achieved by combining ability to obtain sufficient voltage output, conversion efficiency, and stability [2].…”

“…Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 715 2 of 13 and therapy (theranostics) [1]. In the case of energy, multifunctionality may be used for so-called 'smart windows', which possess not only energy saving, but also storing ability [2], while efficient energy generation may be achieved by combining ability to obtain sufficient voltage output, conversion efficiency, and stability [2].…”

Prospects for More Efficient Multi-Photon Absorption Photosensitizers Exhibiting Both Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Luminescence

“…Another approach of using FRET, different from that described in Section 4.4, was demonstrated in several papers from the Wilk group [228][229][230]. The principle employed here was that of splitting the functions of a TPA absorber and that of a ROS generator.…”

Adsorpcja Dwufunkcyjnych Labilnych Surfaktantów Kationowych Na Granicy Faz Ciecz/Gaz - Opis Za Pomocą Modelu Kwazi-Dwuwymiarowego Elektrolitu

“…Dzięki specyficznym właściwościom fizykochemicznym wiele związków amfifilowych, naturalnie występujących w przyrodzie i zawierających więcej niż jedno ugrupowanie hydrofilowe, spełnia ważne funkcje biologiczne [29], a ich syntetyczne odpowiedniki wykazują właściwości lecznicze [30,31]. Dużo uwagi poświęcono w literaturze przedmiotu właściwościom solubilizacyjnym wielofunkcyjnych surfaktantów kationowych oraz ich zastosowaniu jako składników nowych leków, modelowych biomembran czy układów mikroheterogenicznych -mediów reakcyjnych, stanowiących swego rodzaju matryce w procesie preparowania różnego rodzaju nanostruktur [32,33], w tym w systemach dostarczania leków i/lub czynników diagnostycznych [12,34,35]. Znajdują także zastosowania w procesach oczyszczania czy kondensacji DNA [36,37], przy produkcji biosensorów i urządzeń bimolekularnych [38], czy jako czynniki restrukturyzujące w syntezie materiałów mezoporowatych [39].…”