Formulation of Trichoderma asperellum TV190 for biological control of Rhizoctonia solani on corn seedlings

Abstract

Environmental conditions affect biocontrol agents in a field, being appropriate formulations an alternative to overcome this problem. Formulations based on Trichoderma asperellum TV190 were prepared by emulsified mineral or vegetable oils, which protected spores from ultraviolet radiation, showing greater viability of 37-43% (mineral) and 56-63% (vegetable) than the control (8-12%). These formulations improved an antagonism of T. asperellum on Rhizoctonia solani under greenhouse conditions, reducing infected corn seedlings by 72% (mineral) and 59% (vegetable). Necrotic spot size was reduced by 90.04% (mineral) and 87.29% (vegetable). A granular formulation, prepared with degreased corn germ and T. asperellum spores, protected the corn seedlings from R. solani under greenhouse conditions, with 73% reduction of infected plants and 93% reduction of necrotic spot size. Both granular and liquid formulations were able to improve T. asperellum antagonism, suggesting that these formulations could be included in agricultural pest control strategies.

Exploitation of Agro-Industrial Residues for the Formulation of a New Active and Cost Effective Biofungicide to Control the Root Rot of Vegetable Crops

“…The formulated FTB should exhibit antagonistic activity against the target pathogens without being affected by adverse environmental factors. In accordance with our results, different types of formulations of Trichoderma such as invert emulsion, cane molasses amendment, seed coating, pregelatinized starch flour granules, wettable powder, alginate pellets, and gluten matrix were applied [7,22,26,34,55,56]. Lewis et al (1990) mentioned that either conidia of T. hamatum and T. virens or their formulation reduced the disease severity by more than 80% and suppressed the growth of the pathogen by 75% under greenhouse conditions.…”

“…Many microorganisms were used to develop commercial biocontrol products due to their efficacy in suppressing the pathogens under field conditions [25][26][27]. Beauveria, Hirsutella, Lecanicillium, Metarhizium, Paecilomyces, Trichoderma, and Verticillium are among the common fungal genera that were used to produce commercial biopesticides [28,29].…”

The Competitive Potential of Different Trichoderma spp. to Control Rhizoctonia Root Rot Disease of Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

“…Because the concentration of conidia required is relatively high, mass production of the antagonist to obtain the required conidia through a rapid efficient and inexpensive fermentation is a critical issue requirement. Fungal formulations should become a standard in biocontrol applications in order to increase efficacy (Herrera et al, 2020). Furthermore, the Trichoderma isolates displayed a strong antagonistic activity against R. solani.…”

The effectiveness of yam (Pachyrhizus erosus) juice in maintaining the viability of Trichoderma viride spores

“…Trichoderma species that has been known as one of the potential biological agents of several crops diseases that can be developed as a biofungicide is T. viride. The fungus T. viride was proved as an effective biocontrol agent against Fusarium oxysporum [1][2][3] [4], Fusarium moniliforme [5], Phytophthora palmivora [6][7] [8], Pythium aphanidermatum [9], Meloidogyne javanica [10], and Meloidogyne incognita [11]. T. viride produces gliotoxin [12], viridin [8] [13], and gliovirin [8] which are an antifungal substances that are able to control plant pathogenic fungi.…”

“…ultraviolet for 60 minutes with a germination rate of more than 70%. Emulsified mineral and vegetable oil were able to protect Trichoderma asperellum TV190 spores which were exposed to ultraviolet for 5 minutes under UVLMS-38 model lamp with wavelengths of 254 nm (UV-C) with maintaining viability of 37-43% and 56-63%, respectively[10]. The effectiveness of yam juice in protecting T. viride spores from UV exposure.…”