Formulation of atmospheric optical attenuation model in terms of weather data

Anthonisamy, Arockia Bazil Raj; James, Arputha Vijaya Selvi

doi:10.1007/s12596-016-0325-6

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In 1964, George Hockham and Charles Kao verified voice communications using light over fiber-optic cables for the first time. Following the invention of the laser, fundamental and ground-breaking steps were taken in terrestrial long-distance communications [3,19]. The availability of coherent laser sources opened new opportunities for light-based communication.…”

Section: A Brief History Of Communication Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the past few decades, the current telecommunication system has gone through incredible growth and expansions in LANs, WANs, MANs, Gbps Ethernet data transmission, optical fiber communications, and UOC [12,19]. T1 links, i.e., local loop line networks, currently have a bandwidth of 1.544 Mbps [13,20].…”

Section: Working and Installation Principles Of Unguided Optical Comm...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review–Unguided Optical Communications: Developments, Technology Evolution, and Challenges

et al. 2023

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This review paper discusses the complete evolution of free-space optical (FSO) communication, also known as unguided optical communication (UOC) technologies, all the way back to ancient man’s fire to today’s machine-learning-supported UOC systems. The principles, significance, and developments that have happened over the past several decades, as well as installation methodologies, technological limitations, and today’s challenges of UOCs are presented. All the subsets of UOC: FSO communication, underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC), and visible light communication (VLC), with their technology/system developments, potential applications, and limitations are reviewed. The state-of-the-art developments/achievements in (i) FSO channel effects and their mitigation techniques; (ii) radio-over-FSO techniques; (iii) wavelength division multiplexing and sub-carrier multiplexing techniques; (iv) FSO for worldwide interoperability for microwave access applications; (v) space optical satellite communication (SOSC); (vi) UWOC; (vii) photoacoustic communication (PAC); (viii) light-fidelity; (ix) VLC; (x) vehicular VLC (V2LC); and (xi) optical camera communication are reviewed. In addition, the current developments on emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (to improve the performance of UOC systems), energy harvesting (for the effective utilization of UOC channels), and near-future communication network scenarios (mandatory for secured broadband digital links) are covered. Finally, in brief, to achieve the full potential of UOC systems, challenges that require immediate research attention are summarized.

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Section: A Brief History Of Communication Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%