Formulation, invitro digestive study, and comparative fatty acid analysis of walnut oil-based infant formula, with human milk, animal milk, and commercial infant formula

Hussain, Muhammad; Sun, Yue; Pan, Yongchu; Liu, Lu; Zhang, Xiuxiu; Wang, Qi; Lin, Sheng‐Xiang; Qayum, Abdul; Hussain, Kifayat; Li, Xiaodong

doi:10.1016/j.ifset.2023.103279

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Among these FA species, C16:0 (4.670-37.093% of the total FAs), C18:1n9c (18.917-53.225% of the total FAs), linoleic acid (C18:2n6c, 10.704-61.268% of the total FAs) and linolenic acid (C18:3n6, 0.142-44.235% of the total FAs) were the main species. It was evident that C16:0, C18:1n9c, C18:2n6c and C18:3n6 showed the highest percentages in palm oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil and linseed oil, respectively, accounting for 37.093% of the total FAs, 53.225% of the total FAs, 61.268% of the total FAs and 44.235% of the total FAs, respectively, which are in accordance with previous results [19][20][21][22][23]. Moreover, some FA species showed specificity in vegetable oils; for example mecilenic acid (C14:1) was only found in palm oil, and docosanoic acid (C22:0) was only found in rapeseed oil.…”

Section: Fatty Acid Profile Of Vegetable Oilssupporting

confidence: 91%

Fabrication of Human Milk Fat Substitute: Based on the Similarity Evaluation Model and Computer Software

Zhu,

Zhao,

Wang

et al. 2024

Molecules

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We aimed to obtain the optimal formula for human milk fat substitute (HMFS) through a combination of software and an evaluation model and further verify its practicability through an animal experiment. The results showed that a total of 33 fatty acid (FA) and 63 triglyceride (TAG) molecular species were detected in vegetable oils. Palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, 18:1/16:0/18:1, 18:2/16:0/18:2, 18:1/18:1/18:1 and 18:1/18:2/18:1, were the main molecular species among the FAs and TAGs in the vegetable oils. Based on the HMFS evaluation model, the optimal mixed vegetable oil formula was blended with 21.3% palm oil, 2.8% linseed oil, 2.6% soybean oil, 29.9% rapeseed oil and 43.4% maize oil, with the highest score of 83.146. Moreover, there was no difference in the weight, blood routine indices or calcium and magnesium concentrations in the feces of the mice between the homemade mixed vegetable oil (HMVO) group and the commercial mixed vegetable oil (CMVO) group, while nervonic acid (C24:1) and octanoic acid (C8:0) were absorbed easily in the HMVO group. Therefore, these results demonstrate that the mixing of the different vegetable oils was feasible via a combination of computer software and an evaluation model and provided a new way to produce HMFS.

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Section: Fatty Acid Profile Of Vegetable Oilssupporting

confidence: 91%

Fabrication of Human Milk Fat Substitute: Based on the Similarity Evaluation Model and Computer Software

Zhu,

Zhao,

Wang

et al. 2024

Molecules

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“…5 A study indicated that walnut oils may be useful as a plant-based infant formula ingredient because of the similar major fatty acids as human milk. 6 Walnuts are grown in various countries including China, the USA, Chile, Iran, Ukraine, Moldova, Poland, India, and Romania. Similar to many other crops and food products, such as wines and olive oil, geographical origin is often linked with specific quality perception and consumers regard some countries as producing better quality products than the others.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Walnut consumption has been shown to increase gut microbiome diversity as well . A study indicated that walnut oils may be useful as a plant-based infant formula ingredient because of the similar major fatty acids as human milk …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bulk and Compound-Specific Stable Isotope Analysis for the Authentication of Walnuts (Juglans regia) Origins

Athaillah,

Yarnes,

Wang

2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Walnuts are grown in various countries, and as product origin information is becoming more important to consumers, new techniques to differentiate walnut geographical authenticity are needed. We conducted bulk stable isotope analysis (BSIA) and compound-specific stable isotope analysis (CSIA) on walnuts grown in seven countries. The BSIA consisted of δ 13 C bulk , δ 15 N bulk , and δ 34 S bulk , and CSIA covered δ 2 H fatty acid , δ 13 C fatty acid , δ 13 C amino acid , δ 15 N amino acid , and δ 2 H amino acid . Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were used for statistical analysis to compare samples from the USA and China. Parameters that yielded significant variations are δ 2 H C18:1n−9 , δ 13 C C18:2n−6 , δ 13 C C18:3n−

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Recent Developments for Formulation of Infant Foods

Salaria,

Arora,

Mehla

et al. 2023

Food Process Engineering and Technology

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Formulation, invitro digestive study, and comparative fatty acid analysis of walnut oil-based infant formula, with human milk, animal milk, and commercial infant formula

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Fabrication of Human Milk Fat Substitute: Based on the Similarity Evaluation Model and Computer Software

Fabrication of Human Milk Fat Substitute: Based on the Similarity Evaluation Model and Computer Software

Bulk and Compound-Specific Stable Isotope Analysis for the Authentication of Walnuts (Juglans regia) Origins

Recent Developments for Formulation of Infant Foods

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