Formulation, Colloidal Characterization, and In Vitro Biological Effect of BMP-2 Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles for Bone Regeneration

Abstract

Nanoparticles (NPs) based on the polymer poly (lactide-co-glycolide) acid (PLGA) have been widely studied in developing delivery systems for drugs and therapeutic biomolecules, due to the biocompatible and biodegradable properties of the PLGA. In this work, a synthesis method for bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2)-loaded PLGA NPs was developed and optimized, in order to carry out and control the release of BMP-2, based on the double-emulsion (water/oil/water, W/O/W) solvent evaporation technique. The polymeric surfactant Pluronic F68 was used in the synthesis procedure, as it is known to have an effect on the reduction of the size of the NPs, the enhancement of their stability, and the protection of the encapsulated biomolecule. Spherical solid polymeric NPs were synthesized, showing a reproducible multimodal size distribution, with diameters between 100 and 500 nm. This size range appears to allow the protein to act on the cell surface and at the cytoplasm level. The effect of carrying BMP-2 co-adsorbed with bovine serum albumin on the NP surface was analyzed. The colloidal properties of these systems (morphology by SEM, hydrodynamic size, electrophoretic mobility, temporal stability, protein encapsulation, and short-term release profile) were studied. The effect of both BMP2-loaded NPs on the proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells from human alveolar bone (ABSC) was also analyzed in vitro.

Fabrication of In Situ Grown Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles Modified Porous Polyetheretherketone Matrix Composites to Promote Osteointegration and Enhance Bone Repair

“…The results show that all fabricated materials are compatible with MC3T3-E1 cells with no cytotoxicity. Cell proliferation is another of the cell activities required for tissue regeneration ( Del Castillo-Santaella et al, 2019 ). The cell proliferation rate of cells cultured on the material surfaces changes at different time points, and the results in the pPEEK and nHA-pPEEK groups are superior to that in the control group on day 5, which means that porous structure can promote cell proliferation and nHA particles have no proliferation-promoting effect significantly despite the higher levels of cell viability ( p > 0.05).…”

Lipid-Based Drug Delivery Systems in Regenerative Medicine

“…The colloidal nanoparticles with sizes of 100–500 nm were prepared and analyzed for colloidal properties. The effects of BMP-2-loaded nanoparticles were studied for the osteogenic differentiation of alveolar bone and showed enhanced efficacy in vitro [ 171 ]. Colloidal hydrogels are also a suitable vehicle for tissue engineering applications.…”

A 3D Bioprinted Pseudo-Bone Drug Delivery Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering

“…A temperature range of 10-40 • C was conducted, using a cone and plate inertia of 1.721 × 10 -6 kg m 2 , analyzing 5 mL of sample. The sample was analyzed in the range of 0-1.0 Hz, in the region of the shear independent plateau of the strain amplitude sweep stress (11). G', representing the effects of elastic energy (storage modulus), and G", representing the effects of viscous energy (loss modulus), were evaluated.…”