“…However, in the present study, this relationship was not observed as DC and VHN values were higher for the lled experimental adhesives than those determined for the commercial adhesives, that yielded the highest bond strength values. Microtensile bond strength of the adhesives seems to be more related with E values that with other mechanical properties [56], and accordingly, the experimental adhesives exhibited a distinct and more brittle behaviour than SB1XT and SBUP.…”
Section: Microtensile Bond Strength Testmentioning
Dental caries is the major biofilm-mediated oral disease in the world. The main treatment to restore the caries lesions consist of the use of adhesive resin composites due to their good properties. However, the progressive degradation of the adhesive in the medium term makes possible the proliferation of cariogenic bacteria allowing secondary caries to emerge. In this study, a dental adhesive incorporating a drug delivery system based on L-arginine-containing mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) was used to release this essential amino acid as a source of basicity to neutralise the harmful acidic conditions that mediate in the development of dental secondary caries. The in vitro and bacteria culture experiments proved that L-arginine was released in a sustained way from MSNs and diffused out from the dental adhesive, and effectively contributing to the reduction of the bacterial strains Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei. Furthermore, the mechanical and bonding properties of the dental adhesive did not change significantly after the incorporation of L-arginine-containing MSNs. These results are yielding glimmers of promise for the cost-effective prevention of secondary caries.
“…However, in the present study, this relationship was not observed as DC and VHN values were higher for the lled experimental adhesives than those determined for the commercial adhesives, that yielded the highest bond strength values. Microtensile bond strength of the adhesives seems to be more related with E values that with other mechanical properties [56], and accordingly, the experimental adhesives exhibited a distinct and more brittle behaviour than SB1XT and SBUP.…”
Section: Microtensile Bond Strength Testmentioning
Dental caries is the major biofilm-mediated oral disease in the world. The main treatment to restore the caries lesions consist of the use of adhesive resin composites due to their good properties. However, the progressive degradation of the adhesive in the medium term makes possible the proliferation of cariogenic bacteria allowing secondary caries to emerge. In this study, a dental adhesive incorporating a drug delivery system based on L-arginine-containing mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) was used to release this essential amino acid as a source of basicity to neutralise the harmful acidic conditions that mediate in the development of dental secondary caries. The in vitro and bacteria culture experiments proved that L-arginine was released in a sustained way from MSNs and diffused out from the dental adhesive, and effectively contributing to the reduction of the bacterial strains Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei. Furthermore, the mechanical and bonding properties of the dental adhesive did not change significantly after the incorporation of L-arginine-containing MSNs. These results are yielding glimmers of promise for the cost-effective prevention of secondary caries.
“…In agreement, a trend of lower FS values was detected in our results as the amount of Arg@MSNs increased, as previously observed in other studies. [ 56 , 57 ]. Similarly, in Geraldeli´s study, [ 18 ] L-arginine was included in a generic adhesive at different concentrations, detecting that as the concentration increased, UTS and FS values decreased without affecting E results.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, in the present study, this relationship was not observed, as DC and VHN values were higher for the filled experimental adhesives than those determined for the commercial adhesives, which yielded the highest bond strength values. The microtensile bond strength of the adhesives seems to be more related to E values than to other mechanical properties [ 56 ], and accordingly, the experimental adhesives exhibited a distinct and more brittle behaviour than SB1XT and SBUP.…”
Dental caries is the major biofilm-mediated oral disease in the world. The main treatment to restore caries lesions consists of the use of adhesive resin composites due to their good properties. However, the progressive degradation of the adhesive in the medium term makes possible the proliferation of cariogenic bacteria allowing secondary caries to emerge. In this study, a dental adhesive incorporating a drug delivery system based on L-arginine-containing mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) was used to release this essential amino acid as a source of basicity to neutralize the harmful acidic conditions that mediate the development of dental secondary caries. The in vitro and bacterial culture experiments proved that L-arginine was released in a sustained way from MSNs and diffused out from the dental adhesive, effectively contributing to the reduction of the bacterial strains Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei. Furthermore, the mechanical and bonding properties of the dental adhesive did not change significantly after the incorporation of L-arginine-containing MSNs. These results are yielding glimmers of promise for the cost-effective prevention of secondary caries.
Graphical Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis is the dominant microorganism in chronic apical periodontitis. It is more resistant to local antiseptic agents than other endodontic microorganisms. Currently, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is considered as an ideal material in many endodontic procedures. Some studies have shown that MTA has good antibacterial activity against E. faecalis. However, some studies have investigated the effect of incorporating some materials into MTA on its antibacterial activity against E. faecalis. No study has evaluated the effect of incorporating fluorohydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nano-FHA) on the antimicrobial activity of MTA. Therefore, the present study evaluated the antimicrobial effect of MTA mixed with nano-FHA on E. faecalis in vitro. The study was carried out on 18 samples in three groups: pure MTA, MTA mixed with 10 wt% of nano-FHA, and MTA mixed with 15 wt% of nan-FHA. The effect of nano-FHA on the antibacterial activity of MTA on E. faecalis was evaluated by evaluating the growth inhibition zone around each sample. The antimicrobial effect of samples on inhibiting E. faecalis biofilm formation and inhibiting microbial growth of E. faecalis in the planktonic phase was evaluated by disk agar diffusion (DAD), biofilm inhibition assay (BIA), and direct contact assay (DCA) tests, respectively. All the above tests were analyzed after 24 and 72 hours. Factorial designs were used for statistical analyses. Tukey tests were used for two-by-two comparisons. All the statistical analyses were carried out with SPSS 26. DAD results showed no formation of the growth inhibition zone in all the samples after 24 and 72 hours. The microbial colony counts in the BIA and DCA tests in the groups modified with FHA nanoparticles were significantly lower than the pure MTA group (
P
<
0.05
). The microbial colony counts increased in all the groups over time (
P
<
0.05
). Incorporating nano-FHA into MTA improved the antimicrobial activity of MTA against E. faecalis compared to pure MTA. The highest antimicrobial activity was achieved after incorporating 15 wt% of nano-FHA into MTA at the 72-hour interval.
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