“…The dispersion of the nano-sized BaTiO 3 powders in a solvent is a challenging problem needs to be addressed for preparing the stabilized suspension used in ultra-thin ceramic tape fabrication process. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] On the other hand, phosphate ester is a commonly used dispersant for various ceramic tape, [12][13][14][15][16] especially for BaTiO 3 materials. [17][18][19] The phosphate esters contain hydroxy group, which are ionized to form negatively charged oxygen 18,20 and react with ceramic powders electrostatically in the solvent.…”