Formulation and characterization of catalase in albumin microspheres

Abstract

Catalase in albumin microspheres were formulated for intravenous administration to antagonize the effects of over-production of reactive oxygenated species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) in septic shock. The aim was to increase effective half-life of catalase and take advantage of the phagocytic uptake of the encapsulated catalase by the vascular endothelium. Catalase microspheres were prepared by spray-drying. The microspheres were evaluated for particle size, particle shape and surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), drug encapsulation efficiency, chemical stability, thermal stability and in vitro drug release characteristics. The microspheres had a mean particle size of 4.7 +/- 2 microm, optimal for phagocytic uptake, as demonstrated by Makino et al. SEM revealed that microspheres were spherical with smooth surface morphology. An encapsulation efficiency of 91.5 +/- 3% was achieved and the encapsulated catalase was chemically and thermally stable. Application of in vitro drug release data to the Higuchi kinetic equation indicated matrix diffusion-controlled catalase release from albumin microspheres.

Macrophage delivery of therapeutic nanozymes in a murine model of Parkinson’s disease

“…Antioxidants are capable of decreasing the level of tissue damage by ROS scavenging, and therefore produce therapeutic effects in inflamed tissues. For example, catalase, the enzyme that converts hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen with one of the highest turnover rates, was used in numerous works as an active agent of antioxidative formulations [41, 42]. Many studies have shown that reduction of the oxidative stress-related damage, including ROS-scavenging, are attractive strategies for in vivo and in vitro models of PD with the possible future translation to clinics [2, 43].…”

Efficient utilisation of hydrogel preparations with encapsulated enzymes – a case study on catalase and hydrogen peroxide degradation

“…Various enzymes have been encapsulated in hydrogels including glucose oxidase [18], [4], β-galactosidase [23], [9], invertase [8], [15], tyrosinase [30], [1] and catalases [10], [22].…”

Enzyme‐Mediated Alleviation of Peroxide Toxicity in Self‐Oxygenating Biomaterials

“…Several studies have shown an increased stability of catalase when encapsulated in a hydrogel. [32][33][34][35][36] To test this, we quantified the catalaseinduced hydrolysis of 150 × 10 −6 m H 2 O 2 (a cytotoxic concentration) in DPBS (with a noncatalase laden GelMA hydrogel) and a catalase-laden GelMA hydrogel for a period of seven days (Figure 2C). Catalase in solution became inactive after two days, caused most likely by a relatively short half-life of catalase, as was also reported in previous literature.…”

“…[31] Prior studies have shown an increased stability of catalase when encapsulated in a hydrogel. [32][33][34][35][36] Thus, reducing H 2 O 2 levels with catalase in engineered implanted constructs represents a biomimetic approach to reduce H 2 O 2 cytotoxicity in CPO-based oxygen generating strategies. To the best of our knowledge, there is no study in which the function of catalase and its suitable concentration are optimized to efficiently decrease H 2 O 2 -induced cytotoxicity in self-oxygenating engineered tissues.…”