Formula for two-carrier third-order intermodulation distortion in semiconductor laser diodes

Wang, J.; Halder, Matthaus; Mendis, F.V.C.

doi:10.1049/el:19930899

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The third-order distortion also shows a maximum and a dip at frequencies near and , respectively. These findings were known before [3], [5]. For the injection-locked regime, the same properties are, generally, kept, except that the maxima and dips are plus or less extended, depending of both injection level and detuning.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Previous publications have reported analytical expressions for the harmonics and IMD's in laser diodes using a perturbation analysis. Careful measurements have shown agreement with the theoretical predictions [2]- [5]. Another method of deriving the distortion characteristics of laser diodes is based on equivalent circuit modeling of the active region [6], [7].…”

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confidence: 92%

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Reduction of nonlinear distortion in directly modulated semiconductor lasers by coherent light injection

Yabre

Bihan²

1997

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

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Abstract-A theoretical investigation of the second-and thirdorder intermodulation distortions (IMD's) in an injection-locked semiconductor laser under small-signal modulation is presented. The results show that a substantial reduction of the laser nonlinearity can be obtained, depending on both the injection level and frequency detuning between the master and slave lasers. The intensity modulation frequency response is also reported and shows that the injection-locked laser may also have a significantly improved behavior over the same free-running laser, revealed mostly in the reduced resonance peak and the broadening of the modulation bandwidth available.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Reduction of nonlinear distortion in directly modulated semiconductor lasers by coherent light injection

Yabre

Bihan²

1997

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

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“…Out-of-phase carrier re-injection increases the photon density, in which resulting in an improvement of laser resonance frequency. The second-order harmonic distortion to carrier ratio (HD 2 /C) and third-order harmonic distortion to carrier ratio (HD 3 /C) of LD are given by [15]:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber-to-the-Home Integration With Digital Link on Microwave Subcarrier Transport Systems

Lu¹,

Lin²,

Peng³

et al. 2009

PIER C

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Abstract-A directly modulated fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) integration with digital link on microwave subcarrier (DLOMS) transport system based on −1 side mode injection-locked and optoelectronic feedback techniques is proposed and demonstrated. Directly modulated baseband (BB) (622 Mbps) and radio frequency (RF) (622 Mbps/10 GHz) signals are successfully transmitted simultaneously over an 80-km standard single-mode fiber (SMF) transmission. Low bit error rate (BER) values and clear eye diagrams were achieved in our proposed systems. This demonstrated FTTH/DLOMS transport system is a promising candidate for broadband access networks.

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“…Also, shown are the DC nonlinearities which also appear in the L-I curve. For reference, the analytic expressions obtained by [5] and [6] when there is no gain compression are also shown The intermodulation distortion decreases as the modulation frequency decreases below the relaxation oscillation frequency because the gain clamping improves, which damps the nonlinear response. The same effect also occurs as the injection current increases because the larger steady-state photon density provides stronger feedback against carrier and photon density variations (see Figure 2.17).…”

Section: Linear Terms S 1 ¼ S 0 Omdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Modulation for Microwave Photonics

Iezekiel

2009

Microwave Photonics

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Today, nearly 100 companies are involved in the transport of RF or microwave signals over fibre optics -primarily a modulated RF carrier residing on the optical signal. The applications for such systems range from in-building distribution of wireless signals (for example in shopping malls and tunnels), wireline interconnections between base stations and microcellular antennas, antenna remoting for various commercial (wing-tip antennas in aircraft) and military radar systems and broadcasting of cable television signals in both hybrid fibre coax (HFC) and triplexer based fibre-to-the-home (FTTH) systems. The simplest, lowest cost and hence most widely deployed system consists of a directly modulated laser, a length of optical fibre and a detector. This simple link is referred to as an intensity modulation/direct detection (IM/DD) system in contrast to externally modulated systems. While direct modulation links tend to be simpler and cheaper, generating and modulating the photons in a single device -the laser -clearly entails compromises in overall performance that can be avoided by separating these functions as in an externally modulated link. In particular, the effect of nonlinearity and noise must be considered (Figure 2.1). However, as we shall show here, the performance gap between externally modulated and directly modulated links can be narrowed with judicious design of the semiconductor laser.As in all optical systems, the performance requirements for the individual components are set by the overall system specifications. For analogue IM/DD links, the three most important system parameters for specifying optical components are unamplified link gain (typically À25 dB, best case þ 6 dB), unamplified link noise figure (typically 40 dB, best case 17 dB) and spurious free dynamic range (typically 100 dB-Hz 2/3 , best case 127 dB-Hz 2/3 ). The link gain is a simple function of the efficiency with which the laser can convert an electrical signal to a modulated optical waveform, the optical transmission loss and the efficiency for a detector to Microwave Photonics: Devices and Applications Edited by Stavros Iezekiel

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Formula for two-carrier third-order intermodulation distortion in semiconductor laser diodes

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

Reduction of nonlinear distortion in directly modulated semiconductor lasers by coherent light injection

Reduction of nonlinear distortion in directly modulated semiconductor lasers by coherent light injection

Fiber-to-the-Home Integration With Digital Link on Microwave Subcarrier Transport Systems

Direct Modulation for Microwave Photonics

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