Forms of n‐3 (ALA, C18:3n‐3 or DHA, C22:6n‐3) Fatty Acids Affect Carcass Yield, Blood Lipids, Muscle n‐3 Fatty Acids and Liver Gene Expression in Lambs

Ponnampalam, Eric N.; Lewandowski, Paul; Fahri, Fahri T.; Burnett, V. F.; Dunshea, Frank R.; Plozza, Tim; Jacobs, J. L.

doi:10.1007/s11745-015-4070-4

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, PUFAs are more susceptible to lipid peroxidation due to their double bond content, rendering them more accessible to free radicals and ROS, [18] which can result in cellular impairment. [20,21] In the present study, we found that high-dose ALA can affect lipid metabolic gene expression in adipocytes. In addition, we also found that polyphenol compounds can alleviate high-dose PUFA-induced oxidative damage in adipocytes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Polyphenol Compounds Attenuate High‐Dose PUFA‐Induced Oxidative Damage in Adipocytes

Deng

Ren

Zhang

et al. 2019

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Although polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are beneficial fatty acids, their excessive deposition can easily lead to lipid‐induced oxidation damage. It has recently been shown that diets rich in particular polyphenols may improve the oxidative status of tissues with high PUFA content. However, the underlying mechanism for this remains elusive. Therefore, a model is created of high‐dose PUFA injury in adipocytes, which investigates the effects of rosmarinic acid (RA) and caffeic acid (CA) on the alleviation of oxidative damage induced by high doses of PUFAs. It is observed that high‐dose linolenic acids (ALA) enhance lipid oxidation, inflammation, and autophagy in adipocytes. However, RA and CA attenuate the high‐dose ALA‐enhanced expression of inflammatory cytokines and microtubule‐associated protein 1, light chain 3, beta (MAP1LC3B). In addition, they reduce the intracellular levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) that are elevated by high doses of ALA, and modulate the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase antioxidant (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) enzymes. The protective effects of RA and CA on adipocyte oxidative stress are in part associated with their capacity to improve the activities of antioxidant enzymes and exert free radical‐scavenging activity. Collectively, these results suggest that RA and CA may have potential benefits in protecting adipose cells from high‐dose PUFA‐induced oxidative damage. Practical Applications: It is known that a diet rich in PUFAs has beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease. However, an accumulation of unsaturated fatty acids in tissues is more susceptible to lipid oxidation. In this study, it is found that polyphenols have the potential to protect adipose cells from high‐dose PUFAs‐induced damage. It has also been suggested that the consumption of a diet enriched in polyphenols could be beneficial for the prevention of lipid peroxidation and maintaining the balance between oxidative and anti‐oxidative processes. Polyphenols suppress the formation of lipid peroxy radical species. The process of lipid peroxidation consists of initiation, propagation, and termination. In the termination reaction, polyphenols may donate a hydrogen atom to the lipid radical, resulting in the termination of lipid peroxy radical species formation. In addition, polyphenols may improve the activity of antioxidant enzymes, thereby suppressing the formation of lipid peroxy radical species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Polyphenol Compounds Attenuate High‐Dose PUFA‐Induced Oxidative Damage in Adipocytes

Deng

Ren

Zhang

et al. 2019

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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“…Their effects on plasma FA have been studied using different methodological approaches, either by analyzing the FA profile in total plasma or in lipids or lipoprotein classes of plasma, or by quantification of lipid classes by enzymatic analyses. Using the latter method, the available data report discrepancies in the responses of the lipid class concentrations to diets supplemented with lipids . Otherwise, when the total FA in plasma was considered, it did not give FA location information on the different plasma lipid species.…”

Section: Effects Of Dietary Lipids On Lipid Metabolism In Dairy Ruminmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk Fat Globule in Ruminant: Major and Minor Compounds, Nutritional Regulation and Differences Among Species

Bernard

Bonnet

Delavaud

et al. 2018

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Recent knowledge is presented on the composition of ruminant milk fat fractions and the nutritional strategies known to alter their amount. The development of lipidomic and proteomic analyses has allowed for the characterization of minor components, such as proteins, liposoluble vitamins, and phospholipids of the milk fat globule (MFG), in addition to the triacylglycerols (TAG), which are the major constituents of the MFG core. Few differences in these components among ruminant species exist, and they have been outlined mainly on the fatty acids (FA) profile of the TAG, whereas comparative data are still lacking on vitamins and proteins. The effects of dietary treatments enriched in n‐3 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) on the composition of the milk fat fraction are explored. In particular, pasture and plant oilseeds increase milk n‐3 PUFA and cis‐9,trans‐11 CLA and decrease saturated FA, whereas data with new feed resources, such as algae, are still rare. The peculiarities of the response of the milk fat to diets that induce a milk fat depression in cows but in lesser extent in small ruminants are described. The potential effects of polar lipids, proteins, and liposoluble vitamins of the MFG on human health are reviewed, highlighting the nutraceutical properties of milk. Practical Applications: This review provides an overview of the different components of the milk fat fraction in ruminant species and on nutritional strategies to alter their amounts to improve the nutritional quality of milk. Furthermore, this review presents recent data on species peculiarities of the milk fat fraction composition and of its response to nutritional factors, which offers a promising model to identify news levers of regulation of this fraction and foster the identification of new feeding strategies to better control milk fat composition and feed efficiency. This review synthesizes data on the composition of the milk fat fraction in ruminant species, reports advances in nutritional strategies to alter their amounts and species‐specific responses to nutrition, as well as the potential effects on human health of the major and minor components of this fraction.

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“…Animals fed forage‐based rations have been reported in some studies to produce meat with a lower glycogen content in muscle tissue and thus a higher ultimate pH and darker color than meat from lambs fed concentrate‐based rations (Young and others ). This has been mainly attributed to the lower energy intake by the animals associated with loss of dietary energy, such as gas that is associated with degradation of high‐fibrous roughage materials (Ponnampalam and others ). Furthermore, such animals spend more energy during grazing as they comparatively walk longer distances to harvest their food (Aguayo‐Ulloa and others ) and this higher level of exercise leads to producing less fat there will be less reflectance of light (Díaz and others ).…”

Section: The Effect Of Forage‐based Systems On Lamb Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Extensive Feeding Systems on Growth Rate, Carcass Traits, and Meat Quality of Finishing Lambs

Brito

Ponnampalam

Hopkins

2016

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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This review aims to summarize the relevant published information about the effects of extensive feeding systems on the carcass and meat quality characteristics of lambs. Lambs finished in a feedlot or with supplementation under extensive systems exhibit faster growth rates, achieve target weights quicker, and produce heavier carcass weights when compared to grazing lambs. However, the literature also shows that finishing lambs on high-quality pasture can produce satisfactory growth rates without compromising carcass and meat quality traits. Lately, the consumer demand for products perceived as "healthy" and that are produced where animal welfare is optimal under systems which do not impact negatively on the environment, has heightened the interest in lamb production under extensive systems. Lambs raised on pasture can meet many of these specifications. Also, lambs fed higher quality green pasture can produce meat with greater amounts of health-claimable omega-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid plus docosahexaenoic acid than feeding systems based on feedlot pellets, grain, or dry pasture/straw. It is apparent that in some previous published research, the number of animals allocated for each treatment, and the lack of replicates, makes it difficult to formulate a correct understanding of the effect of forages on lamb carcass and meat quality. Future research should concentrate on the effect of legume, improved pasture, and specialized forage finishing systems on growth rate, carcass traits, and nutritional value of meat using well-designed experiments with an adequate number of lambs and appropriate paddock replicates per treatment.

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Forms of n‐3 (ALA, C18:3n‐3 or DHA, C22:6n‐3) Fatty Acids Affect Carcass Yield, Blood Lipids, Muscle n‐3 Fatty Acids and Liver Gene Expression in Lambs

Cited by 32 publications

References 39 publications

Polyphenol Compounds Attenuate High‐Dose PUFA‐Induced Oxidative Damage in Adipocytes

Polyphenol Compounds Attenuate High‐Dose PUFA‐Induced Oxidative Damage in Adipocytes

Milk Fat Globule in Ruminant: Major and Minor Compounds, Nutritional Regulation and Differences Among Species

The Effect of Extensive Feeding Systems on Growth Rate, Carcass Traits, and Meat Quality of Finishing Lambs

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