Forms of contamination of the environment by radionuclides after the Tomsk accident (Russia, 1993)

Tcherkezian, V.; Galushkin, B.; Goryachenkova, T. A.; Kashkarov, L. L.; Liul, A.; Roschina, I. A.; Rumiantsev, O.

doi:10.1016/0265-931x(95)00014-2

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As the isotopic composition of the discharges remains unknown it was not possible to point out chronic and accidental release. Especially, it was not possible to quantify the total plutonium accidental release occurring in 1993, although the 238 Pu/ 239þ240 Pu ratio of the accident is known (Tcherkezian et al, 1995). Possibly, plutonium chronic discharges are so large that it is not possible to evidence any impact of the accident.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Such difference is then interpreted as resulting to the heterogeneity of the Pu distribution at the surface of the soil. Tcherkezian et al (1995) have described ''hot particles'' around Seversk that deposited after the 1993 accident. Therefore, when hot particles are involved the analysis is likely to yield not agreeing results between two aliquot samples.…”

Section: Distribution Of Radionuclides In Soil-s Profilementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Part of this solution has been ejected to the atmosphere during the explosion. Tcherkezian et al (1995) reported that Pu contamination in soil due to the 1993 accident ranges between 10 and 13 Bq kg À1 with maximum up to 17 Bq kg À1 and that the accumulation in topsoil layer was up to 1100 Bq m À2 by that time. The 238 Pu/ 239þ240 Pu ratio in soil of 0.35 AE 0.07 suggests that it corresponds to partially burn nuclear fuel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The 238 Pu/ 239þ240 Pu ratio in soil of 0.35 AE 0.07 suggests that it corresponds to partially burn nuclear fuel. This accidental release involves also gamma emitters such as 95 Zr, 95 Nb, 106 Ru, 125 Sb and 137 Cs (Tcherkezian et al, 1995;IAEA, 1998). However, neither 134 Cs nor 241 Am was reported as radionuclides related to this accident.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…An explosion happened at the UePu extraction line unit in a vessel containing 4 m 3 of nitric acid solution with Pu, Np and U. The total a-activity (mainly Pu: 79% and U: 20%) of the solution was about 7.4 Â 10 11 Bq and total b-activity was about 1.85 Â 10 13 Bq (Tcherkezian et al, 1995). Part of this solution has been ejected to the atmosphere during the explosion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Radioisotope contaminations from releases of the Tomsk–Seversk nuclear facility (Siberia, Russia)

Gauthier-Lafaye

Pourcelot

Eikenberg

et al. 2008

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Distribution Of Radionuclides In Soil-s Profilementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Radioisotope contaminations from releases of the Tomsk–Seversk nuclear facility (Siberia, Russia)

Gauthier-Lafaye

Pourcelot

Eikenberg

et al. 2008

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plutonium: Radionuclides

Neu¹,

Goff²,

Runde³

2005

Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plutonium is the most debated actinide element because of its dual use in devastating nuclear weapons and beneficial generation of nuclear energy. Plutonium metal exists in several allotropic phases and plutonium in solution exhibits a rich and complex chemistry. The ability to exist in up to four oxidation states makes plutonium unique among all elements. Pu(III) and Pu(VI) form only under reducing or oxidizing conditions, respectively; whereas Pu(IV) and Pu(V) have broad stability ranges within the geochemical bounds of environmental systems. When Pu(IV) is above trace concentration and particulate matter is present, then solids or suspended colloids are the predominant chemical forms. In contrast, Pu(V), as PuO $_{2}^{+}$ , has relatively higher solubility as an aquo species or a monomeric complex of natural ligands (hydroxide, chloride, sulfate, etc.). Stronger complexing, polydentate ligands, such as carbonate and organics, tend to increase plutonium solubility by forming very stable Pu(IV) complexes. Minerals, high molecular weight organic matter, and bacteria can either increase or decrease the solubility of plutonium, depending upon their chemical properties, mechanisms of interaction, and the geochemical conditions of the surrounding environment. Plutonium generally has very low solubility, low mobility, and few health consequences from environmental forms, and therefore poses little risk to living systems under nearly all conditions. This article provides a brief overview of the chemistry and behavior of plutonium in aqueous solutions and in the environment.

show abstract

Civilian Nuclear Accidents

Runde

Neu

Goff

2005

Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since the discovery of plutonium and its use for nuclear weapons and nuclear energy radionuclides have been dispersed into the environment and contribute significantly to the global presence of anthropogenic radionuclides. Today, nuclear power plants are controlled by the national radiation protection authorities but are continuously emitting the small amounts of radioactivity permitted by the national health authorities. Other releases originate from the use of radionuclides in medical diagnostic and therapeutic treatments. Although these releases are minor compared to natural radioactivity and anthropogenic radionuclides, they contribute to the current radiation background. The anthropogenic actinides in the northern hemisphere mainly originated during nuclear weapons testing, fallout from the reactor accident at Chernobyl, atmospheric burnup of nuclear satellites, and intentional discharges of liquid waste streams from industrial‐scale nuclear reprocessing facilities. Despite the increasingly sophisticated engineered reactor and processing systems, accidents since the 1950s have resulted in the release of radioactivity to the environment. The most prominent accidents that led to a significant dispersion of radionuclides are the Three Miles Island accident, the Windscale Fire, and the Chernobyl accident. In this article, we discuss these events and other nonweapons related uncontrolled releases of radioactivity into the environment.

show abstract

Forms of contamination of the environment by radionuclides after the Tomsk accident (Russia, 1993)

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

Radioisotope contaminations from releases of the Tomsk–Seversk nuclear facility (Siberia, Russia)

Radioisotope contaminations from releases of the Tomsk–Seversk nuclear facility (Siberia, Russia)

Plutonium: Radionuclides

Civilian Nuclear Accidents

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About