Formkontrolle bei der Synthese von Metallnanokristallen: einfache Chemie, komplexe Physik?

Xia, Younan; Xiong, Yujie; Lim, Byungkwon; Skrabalak, Sara E.

doi:10.1002/ange.200802248

Cited by 420 publications

(214 citation statements)

References 586 publications

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“…The last decade has witnessed the successful control over crystal-plane exposure in a variety of shapes, such as spheres, cubes, cuboctahedra, octahedra, tetrahedra, bipyramids, and rods, with corresponding crystal facets enclosed. [7,38] Some of the typical samples that will be discussed below are summarized in Table 1, and more shapes can be found in reference [7]. [53] .…”

Section: Noble Metal Ncsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, shape-controlled synthesis of NCs is attracting increasing research interest. Semiconductors, [5] metals, [6,7] metal oxides, [8] and other inorganic materials have been exploited and many structurally unprecedented motifs have been discovered, which include polyhedrons, rods and belts, plates and prisms, and other interesting shapes. [4,9] Fine-tuning of NCs was not possible in the past.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalysis Based on Nanocrystals with Well‐Defined Facets

2011

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Using bottom-up chemistry techniques, the composition, size, and shape in particular can now be controlled uniformly for each and every nanocrystal (NC). Research into shape-controlled NCs have shown that the catalytic properties of a material are sensitive not only to the size but also to the shape of the NCs as a consequence of well-defined facets. These findings are of great importance for modern heterogeneous catalysis research. First, a rational synthesis of catalysts might be achieved, since desired activity and selectivity would be acquired by simply tuning the shape, that is, the exposed crystal facets, of a NC catalyst. Second, shape-controlled NCs are relatively simple systems, in contrast to traditional complex solids, suggesting that they may serve as novel model catalysts to bridge the gap between model surfaces and real catalysts.

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Section: Noble Metal Ncsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalysis Based on Nanocrystals with Well‐Defined Facets

2011

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“…The rapidly expanding library of available anisotropic nanoparticle building blocks provides exciting new opportunities to study colloidal assembly as a function of particle shape. [9][10][11] Herein, we introduce a directional entropic force approach (DEFA) for controlling the assembly of anisotropic nanoparticles into crystalline lattices. The method relies on surfactant micelle-induced depletion interactions [12] to assemble anisotropic gold nanoparticles into reconfigurable, nonclose-packed (open) superlattices in solution.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Directional Entropic Force Approach to Assemble Anisotropic Nanoparticles into Superlattices

et al. 2013

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Haften ohne zu berühren: Ein Ansatz mit gerichteten entropischen Kräften (DEFA) nutzt Micellen aus kationischen Tensiden zum Aufbau von Übergittern aus anisotropen Nanopartikeln in Lösung. Die Micellen induzieren eine Seite‐auf‐Seite‐Stapelung der Nanopartikel, um die Entropie des Systems zu maximieren. Die Symmetrie des Übergitters wird durch die Nanopartikelform, der Partikelabstand durch das geladene Tensid bestimmt.

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“…Nanostructured gold materials with various morphologies [1] show unique optical properties due to their localized surface plasmon resonance [2] and catalytic activity. [3] Ordered arrays of nanostructured gold with various arrangements that depend on their morphology are also important for the fabrication of hierarchically organized functional materials.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphosynthesis of Nanostructured Gold Crystals by Utilizing Interstices in Periodically Arranged Silica Nanoparticles as a Flexible Reaction Field

Kuroda

2010

Angew Chem Int Ed

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Nanostructural and morphological design of gold has attracted great attention because of its chemical stability, high conductivity, and quantum-size effects. Nanostructured gold materials with various morphologies [1] show unique optical properties due to their localized surface plasmon resonance [2] and catalytic activity. [3] Ordered arrays of nanostructured gold with various arrangements that depend on their morphology are also important for the fabrication of hierarchically organized functional materials.[4] However, the applications of nanostructured gold are often limited because of its tendency to form unstable aggregates. To circumvent this problem, the formation of three-dimensionally extended frameworks is quite effective. Such three-dimensionally nanostructured gold materials are stable to catalytic reactions [5] and promising for various applications, such as electrochemistry, sensing, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering. [5][6][7] However, the design of highly ordered three-dimensional gold nanostructures is quite limited because of the difficulty of controlling the growth of gold. Three-dimensional mesoporous gold materials are formed by a dealloying technique, whereas their nanostructures are not ordered.[5] Though various mesoporous metals have been prepared by soft and hard templating techniques, [8] the nanostructured gold materials prepared by using nanoscale hard templates have been limited to nanoparticles and nanowires without specific threedimensional nanostructures.[9] Colloidal templating is one of the most useful techniques to form three-dimensionally ordered macroporous materials.[10] By replicating periodically arranged silica nanoparticles with relatively small diameter, [11] three-dimensionally ordered mesoporous (3DOM) materials, such as polymers, [12] carbon, [11a] and platinum, [13,14] have been prepared. Studies on silica nanoparticles assembled into thin films, [15a] patterned structures, [15b] and one-dimensional arrays [15c] have also been reported. Although macroporous gold with submicrometer-scale periodicity is formed by using large templates, [6] disordered mesoporous gold is formed when small silica nanoparticles (ca. 50 nm) are used as templates.[13] The rapid growth of gold may cause collapse of the three-dimensional structure of templates due to the structural mismatch between templates and gold.To achieve slower crystal growth, we have focused on vapor infiltration of a reducing agent (dimethylamineborane, DMAB) to deposit gold inside the template (denoted vapor reduction). We have applied this technique for the formation of mesoporous platinum by replicating lyotropic liquid-crystalline templates [16] or colloidal crystal templates.[14]It allows both a slower reduction rate and lower reaction temperature than reduction with H 2 .[13]To our surprise, during the course of this study, many gold particles deposited in the interstices of periodically arranged silica nanoparticles by vapor reduction showed a two-dimensional morphology in spite of the three-dimen...

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Formkontrolle bei der Synthese von Metallnanokristallen: einfache Chemie, komplexe Physik?

Cited by 420 publications

References 586 publications

Catalysis Based on Nanocrystals with Well‐Defined Facets

Catalysis Based on Nanocrystals with Well‐Defined Facets

A Directional Entropic Force Approach to Assemble Anisotropic Nanoparticles into Superlattices

Morphosynthesis of Nanostructured Gold Crystals by Utilizing Interstices in Periodically Arranged Silica Nanoparticles as a Flexible Reaction Field

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