Forming a Reliable Hybrid Microgrid Using Electric Spring Coupled With Non-Sensitive Loads and ESS

Zhang, Guidong; Jun, Yuan; Zhong, Li; Yu, Samson Shenglong; Chen, Sizhe; Trinh, Hieu; Zhang, Yun

doi:10.1109/tsg.2020.2970486

Cited by 32 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Reference [16] proposed probabilistic optimal reactive power planning with the coordination of RDGs and loads to reduce the influence of uncertainty. Reference [17] used ESSs to reduce the uncertainty caused by fluctuations in PVs. However, the aforementioned measures did not consider the flexibility of the network.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-stage Optimal Dispatching of AC/DC Hybrid Active Distribution Systems Considering Network Flexibility

Teh

2023

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

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The increasing flexibility of active distribution systems (ADSs) coupled with the high penetration of renewable distributed generators (RDGs) leads to the increase of the complexity. It is of practical significance to achieve the largest amount of RDG penetration in ADSs and maintain the optimal operation. This study establishes an alternating current (AC)/direct current (DC) hybrid ADS model that considers the dynamic thermal rating, soft open point, and distribution network reconfiguration (DNR). Moreover, it transforms the optimal dispatching into a second-order cone programming problem. Considering the different control time scales of dispatchable resources, the following two-stage dispatching framework is proposed. ① The day-ahead dispatch uses hourly input data with the goal of minimizing the grid loss and RDG dropout. It obtains the optimal 24-hour schedule to determine the dispatching plans for DNR and the energy storage system. ② The intraday dispatch uses 15 min of input data for 1-hour rolling-plan dispatch but only executes the first 15 min of dispatching. To eliminate error between the actual operation and dispatching plan, the first 15 min is divided into three 5-min step-by-step executions. The goal of each step is to trace the tie-line power of the intraday rolling-plan dispatch to the greatest extent at the minimum cost. The measured data are used as feedback input for the rolling-plan dispatch after each step is executed. A case study shows that the comprehensive cooperative ADS model can release the line capacity, reduce losses, and improve the penetration rate of RDGs. Further, the two-stage dispatching framework can handle source-load fluctuations and enhance system stability. Times of distribution network reconfiguration (DNR) in the day-ahead dispatchBinary variables that indicate the power direction through branch (i,j) during period t Equivalent load demand of active distribution system (ADS) in hour [ζ, ζ + 1] Equivalent load average value in segmentActive and reactive power through branch (j,i)period t Active and reactive power injections at node i during period t Active power injection at node n during period t Active and reactive power injections at node i by substation and renewable distributed generators (RDGs) during period t Active power injection at node n by RDGs duringperiod t Active and reactive power outflowing from node i to load, voltage source converter (VSC), and soft open point (SOP) during period t Active power outflowing from node n to load during period t Active power injection at node i by the AC grid through VSC Active power injections from energy storage systems (ESSs) at node s, n, i during period t Active power outflowing to ESSs at node s, n, i during period t Dropout of RDG during period t Reactive power injection by static var generator (SVG) at node i during period t Reactive power flowing out from ideal VSC Convection heat loss parameter, radiated heat loss parameter, and total solar and sky radiated heat parameter AC resistance of conductor at temperatur...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-stage Optimal Dispatching of AC/DC Hybrid Active Distribution Systems Considering Network Flexibility

Teh

2023

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

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“…In recent years, with the growing problem of global environmental pollution and energy shortages, renewable energy sources (RESs) represented by wind and solar energy have developed rapidly [1]. The continuous access of distributed RESs has led to the lowvoltage network and microgrid developing toward a green and sustainable design [2,3]. However, the inherent intermittence and uncertainty of RESs make it difficult to accurately predict power generation [4], which increases the difficulty for utility companies to maintain the instantaneous power balance between supply and demand and exacerbates problems such as voltage fluctuations and voltage out-of-limit in the distribution network or microgrid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Sliding-Mode Control for Electric Spring in Microgrids with Distributed Renewable Energy

Yin

Wang

2022

Energies

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Electric springs (ESs) are novel electric-power devices that alleviate power-quality problems such as voltage fluctuations induced by grid access to renewable energy resources. However, with the continuous increase of uncertain factors such as parameter perturbation and external disturbance, the environment becomes more complicated, so traditional linear controllers for ESs are finding it increasingly difficult to meet the control requirements due to narrow stability regions, low precision, and poor robustness. To overcome this problem, we propose herein a control method that combines adaptive control and sliding-mode control and apply it to ESs. First, an inexact model of the ES system was established and analyzed. Next, an ES control system was designed based on adaptive sliding-mode control, and then the asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system is proven. Finally, the proposed control system was verified through a MATLAB simulation. The results show that adaptive sliding-mode control not only ensures the voltage stability of critical loads in the microgrid but also resists the influence of parameter perturbation and external disturbances, leading to better steady-state and dynamic performance than a linear controller.

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“…However, these traditional converters bear intrinsically limited operation zones caused by the non-ideality of the electronic components, making them only suitable for applications with fixed loads [4,5]. Meanwhile, the ever-increasing demand for renewable energy sources with a narrow output voltage range has required power electronics to convert their output power to supply time-varying loads between the buck mode and the boost mode when the input voltage level sits in a small range around the output voltage, which will lead to the increase of the output voltage ripple and potential instability of the converters [6][7][8]. To mitigate this issue, Aharon et al [9] proposed a set of control strategies allowing the inductor current to be precisely controlled throughout the wide-ranging input voltage levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced four‐mode‐modulation‐based four‐switch non‐inverting buck–boost converter with extra operation zone

Zhang

Jun

et al. 2020

IET Power Electronics

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This study proposes a novel non-inverting buck-boost converter topology with extra-wide operational zones under both continuous current mode (CCM) and discontinuous current mode (DCM), by introducing a four-mode modulation (4MM) strategy. The proposed 4MM method is able to eliminate the operation dead zone, thus extending the operation zones of the buck-boost converter to contain boost mode, extended boost mode, extended buck mode, and buck mode. Rigorous analyses and design principles are presented in detail to demonstrate the four-mode function through CCM and DCM operational investigations and illustrations. Theoretical analyses and parameter design are verified by software simulation and hardware experimentation in this study, which validates the proposed 4MM method and the functionality of the proposed 4MM-based buck-boost converter. They clearly indicate the superiority of the proposed 4MM-based four-switch non-inverting buck-boost converter over its conventional counterparts, posing wide applicability in industrial practices.

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Forming a Reliable Hybrid Microgrid Using Electric Spring Coupled With Non-Sensitive Loads and ESS

Cited by 32 publications

References 31 publications

Two-stage Optimal Dispatching of AC/DC Hybrid Active Distribution Systems Considering Network Flexibility

Two-stage Optimal Dispatching of AC/DC Hybrid Active Distribution Systems Considering Network Flexibility

Adaptive Sliding-Mode Control for Electric Spring in Microgrids with Distributed Renewable Energy

Advanced four‐mode‐modulation‐based four‐switch non‐inverting buck–boost converter with extra operation zone

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