Formic Acid Inhalation Injury

Yelon, Jay A.; Simpson, Roger L.; Gudjonsson, O.

doi:10.1097/00004630-199605000-00010

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Another study reveals that several patients who died due to formic acid ingestion, had evidence of widespread pneumonitis at autopsy 16 . Formic acid inhalation injury can lead to Reactive Airway Dysfunction Syndrome (RADS), within hours 18 . A case has been reported where a worker splashed in the face with formic acid developed respiratory distress and dysphagia, and died within 6 hours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Death due to adult respiratory distress syndrome following assault with 'rubber acid'; could it have been averted?

Fernando

Kaluarachchi

2012

Sri Lanka J Forensic Med, Sci & Law

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Death due to adult respiratory distress syndrome following assault with 'rubber acid'; could it have been averted?

Fernando

Kaluarachchi

2012

Sri Lanka J Forensic Med, Sci & Law

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“…Cases of formic acid poisoning are rare; only few have been reported in the literature [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9], and the formate concentration was determined in the blood in only one of these cases [7]. The results of quantitative measurements in other body fluids and tissues were not discussed in any of these cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fatal intoxication after oral ingestion of high doses of formic acid are frequently due to acid-induced severe damage to the gastric wall with perforation [9,20]. In cases without such severe local lesions, death is caused by massive acidosis, excessive haemolysis, bleeding complications and finally hepatic and renal failure [1,6,7,8,9,20]. The toxicological basis of this clinical course has not been elucidated in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hepatic and renal failure in formic acid intoxication may be of secondary origin, but a direct mechanism is also conceivable. Formic acid belongs to the class of chemicals known as protoplasmic poisons and can bind either directly to proteins or indirectly to tissue ions, to interfere with cellular function [1]. Furthermore it is an inhibitor of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase of aerobic cells [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatal intoxication with a decalcifying agent containing formic acid

Westphal

Rochholz

Ritz‐Timme

et al. 2001

International Journal of Legal Medicine

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A fatality caused by ingestion of a decalcifying agent containing formic acid is reported. Quantitative analysis of formic acid in the form of its methyl ester was performed in different body fluids and organ samples using head-space gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. The blood taken at the time of admission to hospital had a concentration of 370.3 microg/ml, which declined to 13.9 microg/ml after 6.5 h of haemodialysis. Post-mortem concentrations were 855.4 microg/ml (heart blood), 2,712 microg/ml (gastric contents), 1128 microg/ml (haemorrhagic fluid from abdominal cavity), 3,051 microg/ml (bile), 2,664 microg/ml (contents of small intestine), 442.7 microg/g (liver) and 542.3 microg/g (kidney). The most important morphological findings for differentiating between oral and respiratory ingestion were ulceration of the oropharynx and the oesophagus as well as extensive necrotic lesions in the stomach and the duodenum without perforation. Death was caused by massive acidosis, haemolysis, bleeding complications, hepatic and renal failure. Toxicological and morphological findings revealed that a considerable amount of formic acid had been ingested orally with a suicidal intention.

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“…Formic acid (FA) is an organic acid with important industrial properties but also increasingly used in agriculture. Although it is more caustic to the skin than acetic acid, reports on FA burns are rare [2, 3]. Few serious chemical burns from FA have been described (most of them concerning children) with both local and systemic or metabolic consequences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Management of Extensive Tracheal Stenosis due to Formic Acid Chemical Burn

Stratakos¹,

Noppen²,

Vinken³

2005

Respiration

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We report on a 26-year-old woman who during early infancy (6 months) suffered from a chemical burn of the skin and upper airways due to spill of formic acid powder. Twenty years after the initial injury, she presented with dyspnea and stridor due to severe tracheal stenosis. Several interventional bronchoscopic manipulations were initiated: incision of the stenotic lesion with Nd:YAG laser and dilatation with a valvuloplasty balloon which enabled silicone stent placement which was subsequently kept in place for 3 years. Complications during the 4th year after stenting led to the successful replacement of this stent by two autoexpandable metallic stents covering the total length of the trachea from the subglottic area to the carina. In post-burn inhalation injuries, a complex inflammatory process may be active for many years after the initial insult. These injuries respond to prolonged tracheal stenting and a conservative approach is recommended.

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Formic Acid Inhalation Injury

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Death due to adult respiratory distress syndrome following assault with 'rubber acid'; could it have been averted?

Death due to adult respiratory distress syndrome following assault with 'rubber acid'; could it have been averted?

Fatal intoxication with a decalcifying agent containing formic acid

Long-Term Management of Extensive Tracheal Stenosis due to Formic Acid Chemical Burn

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