Formic Acid as an Antimicrobial for Poultry Production: A Review

Ricke, Steven C.; Dittoe, Dana K.; Richardson, Kurt E.

doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.00563

Cited by 71 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 146 publications

(264 reference statements)

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“…Other researchers have found similar reductions in IgA, IgG and IgM concentrations when infected broilers were treated with herb polysaccharide extracts 43 ; however, in our study no impact was observed on IgG levels. Intestinal immunity is also involved in preventing inflammation 44 through the biosynthesis of short chain fatty acids (SCFA), wellknown for their antagonistic effect against pathogenic bacteria and parasites 45,46 . Our study shows that the total SCFA levels are reduced in the presence of E. tenella when either AG or ROB treatment is applied, an observation previously described when infected broilers received a nucleotide-rich yeast extract 45 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The in vitro and in vivo anti-virulent effect of organic acid mixtures against Eimeria tenella and Eimeria bovis

Balta

Marcu

Linton

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Eimeria tenella and Eimeria bovis are complex parasites responsible for the condition of coccidiosis, that invade the animal gastrointestinal intestinal mucosa causing severe diarrhoea, loss of appetite or abortions, with devastating impacts on the farming industry. The negative impacts of these parasitic infections are enhanced by their role in promoting the colonisation of the gut by common foodborne pathogens. The aim of this study was to test the anti-Eimeria efficacy of maltodextrin, sodium chloride, citric acid, sodium citrate, silica, malic acid, citrus extract, and olive extract individually, in vitro and in combination, in vivo. Firstly, in vitro infection models demonstrated that antimicrobials reduced (p < 0.05), both singly and in combination (AG), the ability of E. tenella and E. bovis to infect MDBK and CLEC-213 epithelial cells, and the virulence reduction was similar to that of the anti-coccidial drug Robenidine. Secondly, using an in vivo broiler infection model, we demonstrated that AG reduced (p = 0.001) E. tenella levels in the caeca and excreted faeces, reduced inflammatory oxidative stress, improved the immune response through reduced ROS, increased Mn-SOD and SCFA levels. Levels of IgA and IgM were significantly increased in caecal tissues of broilers that received 0.5% AG and were associated with improved (p < 0.0001) tissue lesion scores. A prophylactic approach increased the anti-parasitic effect in vivo, and results indicated that administration from day 0, 5 and 10 post-hatch reduced tissue lesion scores (p < 0.0001) and parasite excretion levels (p = 0.002). Conclusively, our in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that the natural antimicrobial mixture (AG) reduced parasitic infections through mechanisms that reduced pathogen virulence and attenuated host inflammatory events.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The in vitro and in vivo anti-virulent effect of organic acid mixtures against Eimeria tenella and Eimeria bovis

Balta

Marcu

Linton

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Additionally, organic acids have the potential to inhibit E. coli infection [ 94 ], and a supplementation with 2% citric acid can improve the gut health [ 95 ]. It has been reported that formic acid, an extensively studied organic acid, can limit Salmonella infection and other foodborne pathogens when used in a poultry diet [ 96 ]. Several organic acids may also play beneficial roles in digestion.…”

Section: Possibilities Of Antibiotic-free Broiler Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Antibiotic-Free Broiler Meat Production: Current Trends, Challenges, and Possibilities in a Developing Country Perspective

Haque

Sarker

Islam

et al. 2020

Biology

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Antibiotic-free broiler meat production is becoming increasingly popular worldwide due to consumer perception that it is superior to conventional broiler meat. Globally, broiler farming impacts the income generation of low-income households, helping to alleviate poverty and secure food in the countryside and in semi-municipal societies. For decades, antibiotics have been utilized in the poultry industry to prevent and treat diseases and promote growth. This practice contributes to the development of drug-resistant bacteria in livestock, including poultry, and humans through the food chain, posing a global public health threat. Additionally, consumer demand for antibiotic-free broiler meat is increasing. However, there are many challenges that need to be overcome by adopting suitable strategies to produce antibiotic-free broiler meat with regards to food safety and chicken welfare issues. Herein, we focus on the importance and current scenario of antibiotic use, prospects, and challenges in the production of sustainable antibiotic-free broiler meat, emphasizing broiler farming in the context of Bangladesh. Moreover, we also discuss the need for and challenges of antibiotic alternatives and provide a future outlook for antibiotic-free broiler meat production.

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“…However, a more pronounced effect might have been observed if a longer contact time had also been trialled, as reported by Iba and Berchieri [ 24 ]. The degree of efficacy that might be observed more generally with OA-based treatments will depend on the particular circumstances of product and feed composition and probably other factors such as moisture, temperature and natural versus experimental contamination of feed [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Salmonella and Pathogenic E. coli Contamination of Animal Feed Using Alternatives to Formaldehyde-Based Treatments

Gosling

Mawhinney

Richardson³

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

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This study compared a novel non-formaldehyde combination product developed for pathogen control in animal feed Finio (A), with a panel of three commonly used organic acid feed additive products: Fysal (B), SalCURB K2 (C) and Salgard (D). Products were evaluated for their ability to reduce Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 and avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in poultry feed. A commercial layer-hen mash was treated with each product and then mixed with feed previously contaminated (via inoculated meat and bone meal) with either Salmonella or E. coli. After 24 h at room temperature, 10 replicate samples were taken from each preparation and plate counts were performed using a selective agar. All concentrations of product A (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 kg per metric tonne (MT)) plus the higher concentration of products B and D (6.0 kg MT−1) significantly reduced Salmonella counts compared with those in the untreated control group (p < 0.05). Product C did not significantly reduce levels of Salmonella under these conditions. Because of the poor recovery of E. coli, statistical comparisons for this organism were limited in scope, but only product A at the highest concentration appeared to have eliminated it.

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Formic Acid as an Antimicrobial for Poultry Production: A Review

Cited by 71 publications

References 146 publications

The in vitro and in vivo anti-virulent effect of organic acid mixtures against Eimeria tenella and Eimeria bovis

The in vitro and in vivo anti-virulent effect of organic acid mixtures against Eimeria tenella and Eimeria bovis

Sustainable Antibiotic-Free Broiler Meat Production: Current Trends, Challenges, and Possibilities in a Developing Country Perspective

Control of Salmonella and Pathogenic E. coli Contamination of Animal Feed Using Alternatives to Formaldehyde-Based Treatments

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