Formative Assessment: revisiting the territory

Influencing and facilitating conditions for developing reflective assessment practice

“…During the last decade assessment has repeatedly been defined as a key element in order to enhance students' performance (Black & Wiliam, 2009;Gibbs & Simpson, 2003;Hattie & Timperley, 2007;Sadler, 1998). However, it seems to be a complex process to implement effective assessment practices in the education system.…”

Functional and structural impact of the loss of the leucine-rich repeat protein LRIT1 in the mouse retina.

“…One of the challenges for self-led online learning according to previous studies and our open responses comments is receiving immediate feedback (31,46). The overwhelming response that 93% of participants found formative assessment either very effective or moderately effective for their learning suggests a dependence on formative assessment to monitor self-directed learning.…”

“…Last, adequate assessment and feedback as defined by Sadler is "specially intended to generate feedback on performance to improve and accelerate learning" (31). The role of feedback is especially important for self-directed online learning modules.…”

“…This is caused by absence of a functional ON bipolar cell signaling cascade resulting in defective post-synaptic responses. The known modes of inheritance for cCSNB are x-linked (Nyx) and autosomal recessive (Grm6, Trpm1, Gpr179, Lrit3) (25, [30][31][32]63,[70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87].…”

Review of Related Literature

“…All must be understood to some degree before the student can take action to improve learning. (Black & Wiliam, 1998a;Sadler, 1998). According to Black and Wiliam (1998b), for an assessment to be formative the feedback provided has to be used by the student to complete the feedback loop.…”