Formation, reactivity, and aging of ferric oxide particles formed from Fe(II) and Fe(III) sources: Implications for iron bioavailability in the marine environment

Bligh, Mark W.; Waite, T. David

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2011.10.013

Cited by 41 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…In the fertilization bioassays dissolved Fe ranged between 0.015 AE 0.003 (AE SD) and 0.080 AE 0.041 mg/L, whereas in the larvae experiments the highest concentrations of dissolved Fe generally occurred after 72-h exposure, ranging between 0.027 and 0.195 mg/L. Both the solubility and the reactivity of amorphous ferric oxyhydroxides are influenced by a variety of factors such as crystallinity, particle size, and aggregate structure [30], thereby possibly generating different aging patterns [28] and contributing to our contrary findings. Furthermore, contrary to previous findings, we measured a small increase in labile Fe over time in the labile Fe concentration relative to the total Fe concentration for all nominal Fe concentrations; however, the highest labile Fe concentration was still only 1.21 mg/L after 96-h exposure (100 mg/L nominal dose).…”

Section: Solubility and Lability Of Fe In Test Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Gametes were separated and cross-fertilized using the same methods as in the fertilization experiments. Fertilized embryos were reared at densities of approximately 2 to 3 larvae/mL in gently aerated 90-L tubs that were maintained with approximately 50% water exchange every 1 to 2 d. Larvae were deemed motile enough to conduct toxicity experiments at 4.5 d. Because of the change in reactivity reported for Fe(III) with aging [28], larval motility experiments were conducted using a static nonrenewal test and Fe concentrations were made up approximately 2 h before the experiment start time. Treatments consisted of 5 Â 20 mL replicates of each Fe(III) concentration and 5 Â 20-mL replicates of each concentration of the particulate reference (SiO 2 ), and there was one set of 5 Â 20-mL replicate controls.…”

Section: Experiments 5: Larval Survival and Motility Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, contrary to previous findings, we measured a small increase in labile Fe over time in the labile Fe concentration relative to the total Fe concentration for all nominal Fe concentrations; however, the highest labile Fe concentration was still only 1.21 mg/L after 96-h exposure (100 mg/L nominal dose). In addition, at the ambient pH of seawater, Fe(III) hydrolysis generally occurs very fast, with the precipitated solid form being quite labile initially but then rapidly becoming much less so with age [14,26] because of the conversion of hydroxo-bridges to oxo-bridges [28]. Both the solubility and the reactivity of amorphous ferric oxyhydroxides are influenced by a variety of factors such as crystallinity, particle size, and aggregate structure [30], thereby possibly generating different aging patterns [28] and contributing to our contrary findings.…”

Section: Solubility and Lability Of Fe In Test Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, at the ambient pH of seawater, Fe(III) hydrolysis generally occurs very fast, with the precipitated solid form being quite labile initially but then rapidly becoming much less so with age [14,26] because of the conversion of hydroxo-bridges to oxo-bridges [28]. Both the solubility and the reactivity of amorphous ferric oxyhydroxides are influenced by a variety of factors such as crystallinity, particle size, and aggregate structure [30], thereby possibly generating different aging patterns [28] and contributing to our contrary findings. The concentrations of the different physiochemical species we measured are also dependent on the equilibrium between the various particulate and dissolved phases and the seawater matrix (physical composition and condition) [13].…”

Section: Solubility and Lability Of Fe In Test Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The characterization of iron (III) in seawater and related toxicity to early life stages of scleractinian corals

Leigh-Smith

Reichelt‐Brushett

Rose

2018

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Currently toxicity data for iron (Fe) in seawater are limited; furthermore, these data are of poor quality as a result of the importance of Fe solubility in test solutions being overlooked. The present study characterized the solubility and lability of Fe(III) in seawater and then examined the effects of Fe(III) on the fertilization success and larval survival of the tropical marine scleractinian corals Acropora spathulata and Platygyra daedalea. We present the first assessment of the effects of Fe on the early life stages of scleractinian corals. Concentrations of both soluble and labile forms of Fe were very low, with dissolved Fe concentrations ≤0.195 mg/L in bioassay test solutions and chemical determinations revealing labile Fe concentrations ≤1.21 mg/L. For fertilization experiments, the median effect concentration (EC50) value for total Fe was 25 mg/L for the most sensitive species, P. daedalea, whereas the EC50 values for A. spathulata ranged between 40 and 66 mg/L. The median lethal concentration value for P. daedalea larval survival was 47 mg/L Fe after 72-h exposure. We provide Fe toxicity data for tropical marine keystone species that could be used to help generate more reliable guideline values for Fe in marine waters. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1104-1114. © 2017 SETAC.

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Section: Solubility and Lability Of Fe In Test Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Experiments 5: Larval Survival and Motility Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solubility and Lability Of Fe In Test Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solubility and Lability Of Fe In Test Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The characterization of iron (III) in seawater and related toxicity to early life stages of scleractinian corals

Leigh-Smith

Reichelt‐Brushett

Rose

2018

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Therefore, during the experiment, Fe(II) was rapidly oxidized to form iron oxide/hydroxide (Taylor and Konhauser, 2011;Bligh and Waite, 2011) and precipitated on the surface of the quartz sand, which might have gradually transformed into crystalline iron mineral phase (Bligh and Waite, 2011) mainly consisting of goethite. The arsenic bound to goethite has formed monodentate mononuclear complexes on the surface of goethite, where abundant adsorption sites prompted the absorption of a large amount of arsenic, resulting in a significant lag in arsenic breakthrough and arsenic removal from the aqueous phase.…”

Section: The Efficacy Of Arsenic Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ treatment of arsenic contaminated groundwater by aquifer iron coating: Experimental study

Xie

Wang

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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In situ arsenic removal from groundwater by an aquifer iron coating method has great potential to be a cost effective and simple groundwater remediation technology, especially in rural and remote areas where groundwater is used as the main water source for drinking. The in situ arsenic removal technology was first optimized by simulating arsenic removal in various quartz sand columns under anoxic conditions. The effectiveness was then evaluated in an actual high-arsenic groundwater environment. The arsenic removal mechanism by the coated iron oxide/hydroxide was investigated under different conditions using scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/X-ray absorption spectroscopy, electron probe microanalysis, and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy. Aquifer iron coating method was developed via a 4-step alternating injection of oxidant, iron salt and oxygen-free water. A continuous injection of 5.0 mmol/L FeSO4 and 2.5 mmol/L NaClO for 96 h can form a uniform goethite coating on the surface of quartz sand without causing clogging. At a flow rate of 7.2 mL/min of the injection reagents, arsenic (as Na2HAsO4) and tracer fluorescein sodium to pass through the iron-coated quartz sand column were approximately at 126 and 7 column pore volumes, respectively. The retardation factor of arsenic was 23.0, and the adsorption capacity was 0.11 mol As per mol Fe. In situ arsenic removal from groundwater in an aquifer was achieved by simultaneous injections of As(V) and Fe(II) reagents. Arsenic fixation resulted from a process of adsorption/co-precipitation with fine goethite particles by way of bidentate binuclear complexes. Therefore, the study results indicate that the high arsenic removal efficiency of the in situ aquifer iron coating technology likely resulted from the expanded specific surface area of the small goethite particles, which enhanced arsenic sorption capability and/or from co-precipitation of arsenic on the surface of goethite particles.

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The Chiton Radula: A Model System for Versatile Use of Iron Oxides*

Joester

Brooker

2016

Iron Oxides

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Formation, reactivity, and aging of ferric oxide particles formed from Fe(II) and Fe(III) sources: Implications for iron bioavailability in the marine environment

Cited by 41 publications

References 129 publications

The characterization of iron (III) in seawater and related toxicity to early life stages of scleractinian corals

The characterization of iron (III) in seawater and related toxicity to early life stages of scleractinian corals

In situ treatment of arsenic contaminated groundwater by aquifer iron coating: Experimental study

The Chiton Radula: A Model System for Versatile Use of Iron Oxides*

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