Formation of Vesiculated Large Bodies of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> L‐Form in a Liquid Medium

Yabu, Kunihiko

doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1991.tb01570.x

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This may have occurred in cells that did not yet evolve a cell wall, allowing genetic recombination after cell fusion or lightningtriggered electroporation 59,60 , yet other mechanisms of HGT were unknown. Internal vesicles have been observed in L-forms of other bacterial species, with varying functions and mechanisms of vesicle formation described 61,62 . L-forms of Listeria monocytogenes are capable of forming DNA-containing internal vesicles along the inside of the cell membrane, which upon release become metabolically active 63,64 , as well as form internal vesicles via membrane invagination, which likely contain extracellular medium 47 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocytosis-like DNA uptake by cell wall-deficient bacteria

et al. 2022

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Horizontal gene transfer in bacteria is widely believed to occur via conjugation, transduction and transformation. These mechanisms facilitate the passage of DNA across the protective cell wall using sophisticated machinery. Here, we report that cell wall-deficient bacteria can engulf DNA and other extracellular material via an endocytosis-like process. Specifically, we show that L-forms of the filamentous actinomycete Kitasatospora viridifaciens can take up plasmid DNA, polysaccharides (dextran) and 150-nm lipid nanoparticles. The process involves invagination of the cytoplasmic membrane, leading to formation of intracellular vesicles that encapsulate extracellular material. DNA uptake is not affected by deletion of genes homologous to comEC and comEA, which are required for natural transformation in other species. However, uptake is inhibited by sodium azide or incubation at 4 °C, suggesting the process is energy-dependent. The encapsulated materials are released into the cytoplasm upon degradation of the vesicle membrane. Given that cell wall-deficient bacteria are considered a model for early life forms, our work reveals a possible mechanism for primordial cells to acquire food or genetic material before invention of the bacterial cell wall.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocytosis-like DNA uptake by cell wall-deficient bacteria

et al. 2022

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“…This may have occurred in cells that did not yet evolve a cell wall, allowing genetic recombination after cell fusion or lightning-triggered electroporation Kotnik, 2013), yet other mechanisms of HGT were unknown. Internal vesicles have also been observed in L-forms of other species, with varying functions and mechanisms of vesicle formation described (Han et al, 2015;Yabu, 1991) . L-forms of Listeria monocytogenes are capable of forming DNA-containing internal vesicles along the inside of the cell, which upon release become metabolically active (Briers et al, 2012a;, as well as forming internal vesicles via membrane invagination (Studer et al, 2016).…”

Section: An Endocytosis-like Mechanism For Macromolecule Uptake In Pr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA uptake by cell wall-deficient bacteria reveals a putative ancient macromolecule uptake mechanism

Kapteijn

Shitut

Aschmann

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Horizontal gene transfer in bacteria is widely believed to occur via three main mechanisms: conjugation, transduction and transformation. These mechanisms facilitate the passage of DNA across the protective cell wall using sophisticated machinery. We present here a new mechanism of DNA uptake that is independent of canonical DNA uptake machineries and is used by bacteria that live without a cell wall. We show that the cell wall-deficient bacteria engulf extracellular material, whereby intracellular vesicles are formed, and DNA is internalized. This mechanism is not specific to DNA, and allows uptake of other macromolecules and even 125 nm lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). Uptake was prevented by molecules known to inhibit eukaryotic endocytosis, suggesting this to be an energy-dependent process. Given that cell wall-deficient bacteria are considered a model for early life forms, our work provides a possible mechanism for primordial cells to acquire new genetic material or food before invention of the bacterial cell wall.

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Interaction of alveolar macrophages with Staphylococcus aureus and induction of microbial L-forms during infection in rats

Michailova

Stoitsova

Маркова

et al. 2000

International Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Formation of Vesiculated Large Bodies of Staphylococcus aureus L‐Form in a Liquid Medium

Abstract: A method is described in which cells of .Staphylococcus aureu., can be converted to vesiculated large bodies of L-form.

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Endocytosis-like DNA uptake by cell wall-deficient bacteria

Endocytosis-like DNA uptake by cell wall-deficient bacteria

DNA uptake by cell wall-deficient bacteria reveals a putative ancient macromolecule uptake mechanism

Interaction of alveolar macrophages with Staphylococcus aureus and induction of microbial L-forms during infection in rats

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