Formation of Type I-IR and Type II-IR gratings with an ultrafast IR laser and a phase mask

Smelser, Christopher W.; Mihailov, Stephen J.; Grobnic, Dan

doi:10.1364/opex.13.005377

Cited by 285 publications

(182 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Fertein et al wrote LPG and operated them successfully at 1000°C [60]. These findings were confirmed for FBGs by various groups, both for direct [86] and phase mask written gratings [87][88][89][90][91]. Figure 5 depicts the reflectivity of conventional and femtosecond pulse written FBG at high temperatures [86].…”

Section: Annealing Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 70%

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Femtosecond pulse written fiber gratings: a new avenue to integrated fiber technology

Thomas

Voigtländer

Becker

et al. 2012

Laser & Photonics Reviews

155

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The use of ultrashort laser pulses for fiber grating inscription has many advantages in comparison to continuous wave and long pulse lasers. The most important one is that it allows inscription in nonphotosensitive fiber materials. In this paper the principal inscription techniques and the physical properties of femtosecond (fs) pulse written in-fiber gratings are reviewed. The role of focusing and order walk-off on the inscribed structures is emphasized. A fs pulse written fiber Bragg grating (FBG) also has a unique coupling behavior, due to a refractive index change that is independent from the fiber geometry. Selected applications of such gratings for sensing and fiber lasers are discussed.

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Section: Annealing Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Reprinted with permission from [86]. 1000 • C. The small initial drop in reflectivity for the latter corresponds to the annealing of Type I modifications (e. g. color centers [41,87]). Thus, the remaining FBG is of Type II.…”

Section: Annealing Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond pulse written fiber gratings: a new avenue to integrated fiber technology

Thomas

Voigtländer

Becker

et al. 2012

Laser & Photonics Reviews

155

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“…26 The presence of additional near-edge absorption extends the apparent absorption edge tail and decreases MPI slope. In addition Smelser et al 27 have reported that the initial slope of the permanent refractive-index change writing kinetics in Ge-doped optical fibers follows an I 5 evolution with the laser intensity indicating a five photons absorption process. Then, due to a higher MPA coefficient …”

Section: Slope Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Time-resolved plasma measurements in Ge-doped silica exposed to infrared femtosecond laser

et al. 2011

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Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of Record (includes final page, issue and volume numbers)Please check the document version of this publication:• A submitted manuscript is the author's version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA):Lancry, M., Groothoff, N., Poumellec, B., Guizard, S., Fedorov, N., & Canning, J. (2011). Time-resolved plasma measurements in Ge-doped silica exposed to infrared femtosecond laser. Physical Review B: Condensed Matter, 84(24), 245103-1/8. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.245103 General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Using a time-resolved interferometric technique, we study the laser-induced carrier-trapping dynamics in SiO 2 and Ge-doped SiO 2 . The fast trapping of electrons in the band gap is associated with the formation of self-trapped excitons (STE). The STE trapping is doping dependent in SiO 2 . The mean trapping time of electrons excited in the conduction band was found to be significantly lower in Ge-doped silica (75 ± 5 fs) when compared to pure silica (155 ± 5 fs). At our concentration level, this indicates that the plasma properties are determined by the presence of easily ionizable states such as the presence of Ge atoms in the glass network. Therefore, we suggest that in Ge-doped silica there exist an additional trapping pathway that leads to a significantly faster excitons trapping and a higher plasma density when compared to undoped silica.

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“…However the main region of interest justifying the use of these lasers is the Type II regime since changes in this regime are significantly more stable, up to 1000 ℃ [29,30]. Type II gratings written by using energies above T2 damage threshold [31] of the glass lead to very stable gratings.…”

Section: Application Of Femtosecond Lasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grating writing in structured optical fibers

et al. 2010

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Formation of Type I-IR and Type II-IR gratings with an ultrafast IR laser and a phase mask

Cited by 285 publications

References 12 publications

Femtosecond pulse written fiber gratings: a new avenue to integrated fiber technology

Femtosecond pulse written fiber gratings: a new avenue to integrated fiber technology

Time-resolved plasma measurements in Ge-doped silica exposed to infrared femtosecond laser

Grating writing in structured optical fibers

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