Formation of thionates by freshwater and marine strains of sulfate-reducing bacteria

Sass, Henrik; Steuber, Julia; Kroder, Michael; Kroneck, Peter M. H.; Cypionka, Heribert

doi:10.1007/bf00276302

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In this model, Dsr reduces sulfite via a two-electron transfer, producing trithionate. This model has been supported by some in vitro studies (Lee & Peck, 1971;Lee et al, 1973), and the predicted intermediates are produced under variable conditions of electron donor and sulfite availability (Fitz & Cypionka, 1990;Sass et al, 1992;Akagi, 1995;Broco et al, 2005). Finally, thiosulfate is reduced to sulfide by a third enzyme, Phs (Fig.…”

Section: The Trithionate Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 56%

Revisiting the dissimilatory sulfate reduction pathway

2011

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Sulfur isotopes in the geological record integrate a combination of biological and diagenetic influences, but a key control on the ratio of sulfur isotopes in sedimentary materials is the magnitude of isotope fractionation imparted during dissimilatory sulfate reduction. This fractionation is controlled by the flux of sulfur through the network of chemical reactions involved in sulfate reduction and by the isotope effect associated with each of these chemical reactions. Despite its importance, the network of reactions constituting sulfate reduction is not fully understood, with two principle networks underpinning most isotope models. In this study, we build on biochemical data and recently solved crystal structures of enzymes to propose a revised network topology for the flow of sulfur through the sulfate reduction metabolism. This network is highly branched and under certain conditions produces results consistent with the observations that motivated previous sulfate reduction models. Our revised network suggests that there are two main paths to sulfide production: one that involves the production of thionate intermediates, and one that does not. We suggest that a key factor in determining sulfur isotope fractionation associated with sulfate reduction is the ratio of the rate at which electrons are supplied to subunits of Dsr vs. the rate of sulfite delivery to the active site of Dsr. This reaction network may help geochemists to better understand the relationship between the physiology of sulfate reduction and the isotopic record it produces.

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Section: The Trithionate Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 56%

Revisiting the dissimilatory sulfate reduction pathway

2011

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“…A single-step (6 electron) reduction of sulfite to sulfide without production of intermediates was supported by studies with 35 S labeled sulfite by Chambers and Trudinger (1975). Other studies (Lee at al., 1971;Kobayashi et al, 1972;Kobayashi et al, 1974;Vainshtein et al, 1980;Fitz and Cypionka, 1990;Sass et al, 1992), however, have shown that intermediates such as trithionate and thiosulfate were also produced. Rees (1973) considered all flows as reversible with the exception of the reduction of sulfite to sulfide.…”

Section: The Rees Modelmentioning

confidence: 92%

A revised isotope fractionation model for dissimilatory sulfate reduction in sulfate reducing bacteria

Brunner

Bernasconi

2005

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

354

254

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“…In contrast to S 0 , thiosulfate can also be a product of reductive processes (Fitz and Cypionka, 1990). The formation of extracellular thiosulfate has been observed in sulfate-reducing cultures growing under substrate limiting conditions (Vainshtein et al, 1980;Sass et al, 1992). The mineralization rates at Station 4 were very low, and the quality of organic matter decreases typically with sediment depth.…”

Section: Distribution Of Thiosulfate (S 2 O 3 2− ) and Sulfi Te (Somentioning

confidence: 93%

Distribution and fate of sulfur intermediates—sulfite, tetrathionate, thiosulfate, and elemental sulfur—in marine sediments

Zopfi¹,

Ferdelman²,

Fossing³

2004

Sulfur Biogeochemistry - Past and Present

140

175

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Most of the sulfi de produced in surface marine sediments is eventually oxidized back to sulfate via sulfur compounds of intermediate oxidation state in a complexweb of competing chemical and biological reactions. Improved handling, derivatization, and chromatographic techniques allowed us to more closely examine the occurrence and fate of the sulfur intermediates elemental sulfur (S 0 ), thiosulfate (S 2 O 3 2− ), tetrathionate (S 4 O 6 2− ), and sulfi te (SO 3 2− ) in Black Sea and North Sea sediments. Elemental sulfur was the most abundant sulfur intermediate with concentrations ~3 orders of magnitude higher than the dissolved species, which were typically in the low micromolar range or below. Turnover times of the intermediate sulfur compounds were inversely correlated with concentration and followed the order: SO 3 2− ≈ S 4 O 6 2− > S 2 O 3 2− > S 0 .Experiments with anoxic but non-sulfi dic surface sediments from the Black Sea revealed that added sulfi de and sulfi te disappeared most rapidly, followed by thiosulfate. Competing chemical reactions, including the reaction of sulfi te with sedimentary S 0 that led to temporarily increased thiosulfate concentrations, resulted in the rapid disappearance of SO 3 2− . Conversely, low thiosulfate concentrations in the Black Sea sediments (<3µM) were attributed to the activity of thiosulfate-consuming bacteria. Experiments with anoxic but non-sulfi dic sediments revealed that 1 mol of tetrathionate was rapidly converted to 2 moles of thiosulfate. This tetrathionate reduction was bacterially mediated and occurred generally much faster than thiosulfate consumption. The rapid reduction of tetrathionate back to thiosulfate creates a cul-de-sac in the sulfur cycle, with thiosulfate acting as a bottleneck for the oxidation pathways between sulfi de and sulfate.

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Formation of thionates by freshwater and marine strains of sulfate-reducing bacteria

Cited by 36 publications

References 17 publications

Revisiting the dissimilatory sulfate reduction pathway

Revisiting the dissimilatory sulfate reduction pathway

A revised isotope fractionation model for dissimilatory sulfate reduction in sulfate reducing bacteria

Distribution and fate of sulfur intermediates—sulfite, tetrathionate, thiosulfate, and elemental sulfur—in marine sediments

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