Formation of the porous structure during the polymerization ofmeta-divinylbenzene andpara-divinylbenzene with toluene and 2-ethylhexanoic acid (2-EHA) as porogens

Adsorption of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) from aqueous solution by porous polymeric adsorbents

“…The nonpolar porous polymer had a specific surface area of 656.4 m 2 g −1 , implying that the polymer consists of a porous network instead of a conventional gel structure. Nyhus et al [32] reported that polymerization of meta-DVB and para-DVB with toluene as the porogen resulted in a porous polymer with the specific surface area up to 1000 m 2 g −1 . N 2 adsorption analysis results showed that the pore volume of the polymer was 0.94 cm 3 g −1 , demonstrating the porosity of this polymer.…”

“…Polymers prepared in a good solvent, such as toluene, are usually found to be more microporous. Investigation of the morphology and pore size distribution of poly(meta-DVB) and poly(para-DVB) prepared in the presence of toluene indicated that the resulting porous polymers were mainly composed of micropores [32]. In the presence of a good solvent the generation of micropores is generally associated with the effective solvating of the growing polymer chains, which consequently delays the precipitation of the polymer.…”

Physical Sorption of Molecular Hydrogen by Microporous Organic Polymers

“…For example, polymerization of pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETrA) in xylene, which has a polymer-porogen affinity parameter δ = 14 MPa 1/2 , produces a material with an average pore size of ~5 nm and the surface area of ~228 m 2 /g, while the same polymerization in butyl acetate ( δ = 9 MPa 1/2 ) produces a material with a pore size of ~3.5 nm and the surface area of ~471 m 2 /g under the same conditions [29]. Crosslinked porous polymers show a higher value of specific surface areas that is within the range of 1000-1200 m 2 /g [30][31][32]. These materials are typically synthesized through suspension polymerization [32][33][34], although they can also be prepared via precipitation or seeded polymerization [35,36], even in a monolithic format [37].…”

Porous Copolymer Resins: Tuning Pore Structure and Surface Area with Non Reactive Porogens

“…Many studies have examined the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to identify the morphology and texture of the polymers [ 2 , 6 , 7 , 17 , 26 , 30 , 43 , 44 ].…”

“…Table 1 illustrates how the surface area varies in accordance with the use of different porogens. Additionally, the results show how a similar class of resins may be tuned to form micro-, meso- and macropores [ 7 , 12 , 44 , 45 ]. As mentioned above, solvents that act as solvating diluents may generate micropores; thereby, increasing the polymer surface area.…”