Formation of the O-glycosidic Bond: General Discussion

Bochkov, A. F.; Заиков, Г. Е.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-022949-2.50007-1

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 340 publications

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“…44 Values of the Hammett acidity function for solutions of HC1 at different temperatures were determined from the data presented by Rochester.45 The proportionality constant between the logarithm of the rate constant and the Hammett acidity function was determined by combining the kinetics data presented by Moiseev et al 43 with the acidity function data given by Rochester.& The first-order rate constant for the hydrolysis of cellobiose in 6.08N HCl at 107.0"C was estimated from these data to be 2.2 min-'.…”

Section: Correlation Between Rate Of Hydrolysis and Molecular Weightmentioning

confidence: 97%

The heterogeneous character of the dilute acid hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose

Wood

Conner

Hill

1989

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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SynopsisThe end-attack model p r o p a d by Sharples [Trcms. Furaduy Soc., 53, 1003 (1957)l for the dilute acid hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose was tested using the results from the size-exclusion chromatographic analysis of samples of crystalline cellulose I and cellulose I1 hydrolyzed in 6.1N HC1 at 107°C. The differential number distribution of the molecular weight of hydrolyzed cellulose was found to be approximately exponential, a result which is consistent with the end-attack model. Differences in the rates of hydrolysis of cellulosic materials appear to arise from differences in both the degree of polymerization and the microstructure of hydrolyzed cellulose. Evidence is also presented which suggests that the recrystallization upon hydrolysis results in part from the lateral accretion of chains which are cleaved during the hydrolysis of amorphous regions in the cellulose microfibrils.

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Section: Correlation Between Rate Of Hydrolysis and Molecular Weightmentioning

confidence: 97%

The heterogeneous character of the dilute acid hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose

Wood

Conner

Hill

1989

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Finally, 3 was taken up in dry DCM (15 mL) and kept under N 2 atmosphere for further reaction. O-Glycosylation of 3 with 1 to yield 4 was followed according to the modified Koenig-Knorr reaction (20). Dry DCM (50 mL) and a 4-Å molecular sieve (2 g; activated before use) were placed in a two-neck round-bottomed flask (250 mL) and were stirred under an N 2 atmosphere for 15 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and physicochemical studies of methyl‐12‐[1′‐β‐d‐lactosyl]‐octadec‐9‐ene‐1‐oate: A novel biosurfactant analog

Kanjilal

Maiti

Kaimal

1999

J Surfact & Detergents

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Synthesis of a new glycolipid and biosurfactant analog, methyl-12-[1′-β-D-lactosyl]-octadec-9-ene-1-oate (LOD), has been done from easily accessible renewable resources, namely, lactose and ricinoleic acid from castor oil. Surface and thermodynamic properties at the air/water interface including critical micelle concentration (CMC), aggregation number (), maximal densities (Γ max ), minimal area per molecule (A min ), surface pressure at the CMC (Π CMC ), free energy of adsorption (∆G 0 ad ), and free energy of micelle formation per mole of monomer unit (∆G 0 m ) were investigated. The results indicate that this particular glycolipid, because of branching in the hydrophobic chain, has a comparatively large A min value and hence a very low CMC, aggregation number, and less free energy of micellization and adsorption at the air/water interface than molecules with a straight hydrophobe, for example, n-dodecyl-β-D-maltoside. The effects of electrolytes (NaCl, KCl, CaCl 2 , and AlCl 3 ) of the same ionic strength and of increasing ionic strength on the interfacial microenvironment of LOD were also investigated. For the same anion, Cl − , and the same ionic strength, different cations were found to have different effects on the CMC of LOD. With increasing ionic strength, different electrolytes were found to have different effects on the interfacially located, highly hydrated aqueous layer of the LOD micelle. The water structure-making or -breaking ability of different cations from the interfacial microenvironment of LOD was found to depend on the charge/radius ratio of the cations.

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“…Theyplay acrucial role inliving organisms, including nutrition, protection and signaling [114]. The main building block of polysaccharides is thecyclic monosaccharide molecule, which is connected by glycosidic bonds forming thestructure of abiological polymer [115]. Monosaccharidesplaytheir role in nutrition as a basic energy source, whereas polysaccharideshave multiple functions depending ontheir length and structure.…”

Section: Polysaccharides: Origin and Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomaterials in light amplification

Myśliwiec

Cyprych

Sznitko

et al. 2017

J. Opt.

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Biologically produced or inspired materials can serve as optical gain media, i.e. they can exhibit the phenomenon of light amplification. Some of these materials, under suitable dye-doping and optical pumping conditions, show lasing phenomena. The emerging branch of research focused on obtaining lasing action in highly disordered and highly light scattering materials, i.e. research on random lasing, is perfectly suited for biological materials. The use of biomaterials in light amplification has been extensively reported in the literature. In this review we attempt to report on progress in the development of biologically derived systems able to show the phenomena of light amplification and random lasing together with the contribution of our group to this field. The rich world of biopolymers modified with molecular aggregates and nanocrystals, and self-organized at the nanoscale, offers a multitude of possibilities for tailoring luminescent and light scattering properties that are not easily replicated in conventional organic or inorganic materials. Of particular importance and interest are light amplification and lasing, or random lasing studies in biological cells and tissues. In this review we will describe nucleic acids and their complexes employed as gain media due to their favorable optical properties and ease of manipulation. We will report on research conducted on various biomaterials showing structural analogy to nucleic acids such as fluorescent proteins, gelatins in which the first distributed feedback laser was realized, and also amyloids or silks, which, due to their dye-doped fiber-like structure, allow for light amplification. Other materials that were investigated in that respect include polysaccharides, like starch exhibiting favorable photostability in comparison to other biomaterials, and chitosan, which forms photonic crystals or cellulose. Light amplification and random lasing was not only observed in processed biomaterials but also in living cells and tissues or separated phase systems like phosphatydylcholine liposomes. All of the above-mentioned light amplification possibilities of biomaterials also have potential for several interesting applications in biology, medicine, sensing and imaging, which will be described and discussed in this review.

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Formation of the O-glycosidic Bond: General Discussion

Cited by 14 publications

References 340 publications

The heterogeneous character of the dilute acid hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose

The heterogeneous character of the dilute acid hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose

Synthesis and physicochemical studies of methyl‐12‐[1′‐β‐d‐lactosyl]‐octadec‐9‐ene‐1‐oate: A novel biosurfactant analog

Biomaterials in light amplification

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