FORMATION OF THE HYDRATED ELECTRON IN THE FLASH PHOTOLYSIS OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS<sup>1</sup>

Matheson, Max S.; Mulac, William A.; Rabani, Joseph

doi:10.1021/j100806a027

Cited by 125 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…The conclusion that e-aq is liberated in the photolysis of dissolved ions (22) has also been confirmed by means of the e-aq spectrum (23,24). In flash photolysis experiments with a number of inorganic ions-Cl-, Br-, I-, OH-, CNS-, or Fe(CN)oG--and with organic molecules such as phenol, p-cresol, alanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, the spectrum of e-aq has been observed.…”

Section: Spectruml Of Hydrated Electronmentioning

confidence: 62%

The Hydrated Electron

Hart

1964

Science

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Properties and reactions of this most reactive ; elementary of aqueous negative ions are discuss Edwin J. I SCIE NCE in neutral and especially in alkaline solutions, e-aq proves to be the dominant reducing species. However, since H and e-aq reactions give identical products in many cases, it is impossible to prove the On participation of e-,,, rather than H in the majority of cases. The final products are identical in reactions such as Cu++ + H -> Cu + H+ (5) and II I CH3-C--CH3 + H -> CH3--C-CH and O 0-CH-C--CHa + e-aq -> CH3-C-CHE since addition of a proton, O-OH CHa-C-CH3 + H+ -? CH--C-CH3, produces the 2-hydroxyisopropanyl radical. Need for Two Reducing SpeciesIf the reaction products provide no clue to the identity of the reducing species, how is it possible to distinguish H from e-,q? The answer first became apparent because of a discrepancy in measurements of the rate-constant ratio for the H atoms formed in the reaction OH + H2 -> H + HoO 19The author is affiliated with the Chemistry Division

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Section: Spectruml Of Hydrated Electronmentioning

confidence: 62%

The Hydrated Electron

Hart

1964

Science

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“…The formation of e,,-has been observed in the flash photolysis of SCN- (4,5) and the coincidence in $(e,,-) for Br-and SCN-might seem consistent with the similarities in their absorption spectra. On the other hand, from a detailed study of the spectral region from 2750 to 2000 A, Gusarsky and Treinin (18) assigned the absorption band at 2200 A as CTTS and were supported in their assignment by the reported formation of e,,-on irradiation with 2288 A light (19); however, the yield was very small ($(e,,-) = 0.05).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Although flash photolysis (4,5) has been used to identify eaq-, the principal technique in its quantitative measure has been the use of N 2 0 as a scavenger in the reaction [I 1 e.,-+ NzO -t N2 + 0 -( + H 2 0 e OH + OH-) From reaction 1 it is easily seen that +(N2) should give a quantitative measure of +(e,,-), provided that there are no competing solutes or N2 producing reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Sulfurhexafluoride on the Photochemistry of Aqueous Solutions

Rumfeldt¹

1971

Can. J. Chem.

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“…Aqueous electrons can be produced by radiolytic [208], photolytic [209], chemical [127], and direct injection [210] methods. In surface waters, the photolysis of humic materials [211][212][213] and hard-UV photolysis of water [201] are the most common sources of natural aqueous electrons which has a steady-state concentration of 10 -15 mol$L -1 .…”

Section: Uv-ki Photolysis-aqueous Electron Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment technologies for aqueous perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA)

Vecitis

Park

Cheng

et al. 2009

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. China

362

252

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Fluorochemicals (FCs) are oxidatively recalcitrant, environmentally persistent, and resistant to most conventional treatment technologies. FCs have unique physiochemical properties derived from fluorine which is the most electronegative element. Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) have been detected globally in the hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere. Reducing treatment technologies such as reverses osmosis, nano-filtration and activated carbon can remove FCs from water. However, incineration of the concentrated waste is required for complete FC destruction. Recently, a number of alternative technologies for FC decomposition have been reported. The FC degradation technologies span a wide range of chemical processes including direct photolysis, photocatalytic oxidation, photochemical oxidation, photochemical reduction, thermally-induced reduction, and sonochemical pyrolysis. This paper reviews these FC degradation technologies in terms of kinetics, mechanism, energetic cost, and applicability. The optimal PFOS/PFOA treatment method is strongly dependent upon the FC concentration, background organic and metal concentration, and available degradation time.

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FORMATION OF THE HYDRATED ELECTRON IN THE FLASH PHOTOLYSIS OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS¹

Cited by 125 publications

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The Hydrated Electron

The Hydrated Electron

The Effect of Sulfurhexafluoride on the Photochemistry of Aqueous Solutions

Treatment technologies for aqueous perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA)

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FORMATION OF THE HYDRATED ELECTRON IN THE FLASH PHOTOLYSIS OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS1

Cited by 125 publications

References 0 publications

The Hydrated Electron

The Hydrated Electron

The Effect of Sulfurhexafluoride on the Photochemistry of Aqueous Solutions

Treatment technologies for aqueous perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA)

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Product

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FORMATION OF THE HYDRATED ELECTRON IN THE FLASH PHOTOLYSIS OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS¹