We report on the formation of the assembled bundle structure of thin multiwalled carbon nanotubes (t-MWNTs) modified with hydroxyl groups, which was assisted by the intertube hydrogen bonding interaction. To achieve this, the t-MWNTs were first functionalized with hydroxide (t-MWNT-OH) by reflux in hydrogen peroxide. For the comparison, the carboxyl-modified t-MWNTs (t-MWNTs-COOH) were prepared by nitric acid treatment as a control sample. After filtration of a functionalized t-MWNT solution, the flexible t-MWNT film was obtained from the t-MWNTs-OH, whereas the t-MWNTs-COOH formed a cracked film. From electron microscope images, it was found that the t-MWNTs-OH can assemble into bundle structures upon densification of the carbon nanotube suspension, while the t-MWNTs-COOH existed in an entangled state within the film. The assembly of the t-MWNTs-OH induced by the intertube hydrogen bonding was demonstrated by observation of the upshift and sharpening of the G band in the Raman spectra and enhanced hydrogen bonds in Fourier transform infrared spectra of nanotube films.