“…Detailed characterization of such nanoparticles or nanocrystals is still a challenging task, especially when they are porous, and several complementary methods are often needed to be able to characterize their microstructure fully. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are two of the most widely used techniques for studying the morphology of both dense and porous hematite particles (Zhang et al, 2007;Li et al, 2007;Liao et al, 2008;He et al, 2008;Ristic & Music, 2006;Zhang et al, 2009;Li et al, 2009;Liang et al, 2010). Various X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) line-profile analysis techniques are other important microstructural characterization methods that have been used to study the strain and crystallite size and shape of dense hematite nanocrystals/nanoparticles (Pourghahramani, Altin et al, 2008;Pourghahramani & Forssberg, 2006a,b;Pourghahramani, Palson & Forssberg, 2008).…”