Formation of Porous Apatite Layer after Immersion in SBF of Fluorine-Hydroxyapatite Coatings by Pulsed Laser Deposition Improved in Vitro Cell Proliferation

Abstract

Fluorine (F), a trace element in bone tissues, promotes cell proliferation and colonization. In this study, fluorinehydroxyapatite (F-HA) coating was manufactured onto titanium substrates using pulsed laser deposition (λ = 1024 nm). The results confirmed that the surface roughness of F-HA coatings was the highest when the deposition time was 60 min. To evaluate the biological activity of the coatings, the coatings were immersed in simulated body fluids at 37 °C for 7 days. It was clearly observed that a new apatite layer showed a micro/nano foam-like porous structure. After annealing treatment, the F-HA coating can promote the transformation of the calcium phosphate crystal phase into the HA phase. Moreover, the mass of F-HA coatings with annealing was increased by 2.3% after immersion. In vitro cytocompatibility of the coatings was evaluated; the cell adhesion and proliferation exposed to F-HA coatings were significantly stimulated and promoted when compared with the control group in the first and second weeks of co-culture (p < 0.05). Thus, F-HA coatings can potentially act as osteoinductive materials for surface functionalization of the bone tissue scaffold.

Rapid Synthesis of Multifunctional Apatite via the Laser-Induced Hydrothermal Process

“…The concentration of inorganic ions diffused from apatite particles affects cell adhesion , and proliferation, , and the amount of inorganic ions eluted from apatite varies depending on the synthesis method , and the degree of inorganic ion substitution. , To analyze the cause of the differences in osteoblast adhesion and proliferation, we investigated the ion release characteristics of each powder. For this purpose, the amount of powder was determined such that Mg, Sr, and Zn ions were released in the range of 1–10 mM, − 10–50 μM, , and 1–100 μM, − which are known to promote the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblasts (Table S3).…”

“…The concentration of inorganic ions diffused from apatite particles affects cell adhesion 65,66 and proliferation, 67,68 and the amount of inorganic ions eluted from apatite varies depending on the synthesis method 69,70 and the degree of inorganic ion substitution. 71,72 To analyze the cause of the differences in osteoblast adhesion and proliferation, we investigated the ion release characteristics of each powder.…”

Synthesis of pure and doped nano-calcium phosphates using different conventional methods for biomedical applications: a review

“…Because of this characteristic, anions (OH À , PO 4 3À ) present in HAp are substituted by F À ions, which is accomplished by both solid-state and wet chemical methods. [62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71] When wet chemical methods are used, there is inferiority in morphology (whiskers), 72,73 thermal stability, [74][75][76] and low crystallinity. Solid-state and hydrothermal methods involving relatively high temperatures are demanding and it is strenuous to control morphology.…”

Substituted Hydroxyapatite, Glass, and Glass-Ceramic Thin Films Deposited by Nanosecond Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) for Biomedical Applications: A Systematic Review

“…Irrespective of the laser source, fluence, and substrate temperature, FHA films show improved hardness with respect to the target materials. Fluorine-doped HA films (F ≤ 1%) were deposited with a 1024 nm laser source by Cao et al [81]. They ablated a target obtained by mixing HA and CaF 2 and studied the bioactivity and biocompatibility of the as-deposited and annealed (500 • C) films, comparing their behavior with undoped HA films obtained under the same experimental conditions.…”