Formation of NO precursors during the pyrolysis of coal and biomass. Part VIII. Effects of pressure on the formation of NH and HCN during the pyrolysis and gasification of Victorian brown coal in steam

Tian, Fu Jun; Wu, Hongwei; Yu, Jianglong; McKenzie, Lachlan James; Konstantinidis, Stelios; Hayashi, Jun Ichiro; Chiba, Tadatoshi; Li, Chun‐Zhu

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2005.04.017

Cited by 42 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Under both steam and CO 2 gasification conditions, the major pollutants detected were HCN, NH 3 and H 2 S. Overall, the yield of HCN was found to be markedly higher than those of H 2 S and NH 3 . Besides, the pollutant formation from steam gasification was recorded to be higher than that of CO 2 gasification due to the hydrogenation of N and S present in the char structure 41,42 . No obvious trend was observed for these pollutants concerning either temperature or reactant concentrations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Besides, the pollutant formation from steam gasification was recorded to be higher than that of CO 2 gasification due to the hydrogenation of N and S present in the char structure. 41,42 No obvious trend was observed for these pollutants concerning either temperature or reactant concentrations. A moisture trap/condenser was used to condense the water vapour from the syngas.…”

Section: Comparison Of Pollutant Emissionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Effect of reactant types (steam, CO ₂ and steam + CO ₂ ) on the gasification performance of coal using entrained flow gasifier

Shahabuddin

Bhattacharya

2021

Int J Energy Res

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This study investigates the gasification behaviour of bituminous coal using different reactants of CO 2 , steam and a mixture of CO 2 and steam under entrained flow gasification conditions at temperatures of 1000 C and 1200 C with atmospheric pressure. The major gas constituents of the syngas were measured using online micro-GC with a model number Varian 490, whereas the minor pollutant gases were analysed using Kitagawa gas detection tubes. A maximum carbon conversion of 86% was achieved under steam gasification at a temperature of 1200 C compared to 74% from CO 2 gasification. The higher carbon conversion from steam gasification is due to the higher gasification reactivity than CO 2 gasification. At 1000 C, the lower heating value (LHV) from steam gasification was determined to be 60%, 70% and 80% higher than that of CO 2 gasification using the reactant concentrations of 10, 20 and 40 vol. %, respectively. Using a stoichiometric 50/50 ratio of CO 2 and steam, the yield of H 2 , CO and CH 4 were increased by 56%, 106% and 35% compared to that of pure CO 2 gasification. At 1000 C, the LHV under mixed reactant condition is close to the LHV from the pure steam gasification at 1200 C. In steam gasification, increasing the temperature by 200 C from 1000 C decreases the LHV by 17 and 10% using 10 and 20 vol.% steam. The higher heating value from steam gasification is due to the H 2 and CH 4 -rich syngas compared to CO-rich syngas in CO 2 gasification. The BET surface area of the solid char from steam gasification is about 17 and two times higher than that of CO 2 gasification at 1000 C and 1200 C, respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Comparison Of Pollutant Emissionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effect of reactant types (steam, CO ₂ and steam + CO ₂ ) on the gasification performance of coal using entrained flow gasifier

Shahabuddin

Bhattacharya

2021

Int J Energy Res

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“…窒素の熱分解生成物は，主として HCN, NH 3 および N 2 である (16)- (20) ．これらの分配率に関しては，バイオマス種や熱分解条件(昇温速度，温度，圧力，ガス雰囲気)によって変化する．本報では，多くのバイオマスおよび多条件にわたって詳細に調査している Fu-Jun Tian ら (16)- (18) ，Leppälahti ら (19) の研究成果を基にして，木質バイオマス…”

Section: 解析で用いられた主な仮定は次のとおりである．unclassified

Study on the N<sub>2</sub>O Formation under Low Temperature Condition in Pulverized Biomass Combustion

Okumura

2013

Trans.JSME, Ser.B

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The purpose of this study is to clarify the fundamental and general features of N 2 O formation during the combustion of pulverized biomass under low temperature. First, the effect of various important factors, i.e., combustion temperature, volatilization process (i.e., either slow or rapid dispersion), and nitrogen content in biomass on N 2 O formation were investigated by numerical analysis. The analysis of the effect of combustion temperature on the formation of nitrous oxide showed that N 2 O emission level increases with the decrease in combustion temperature, and both N 2 O and NO levels are strongly dependent on the combustion temperature. In other words, there is a trade-off relationship between the formation of NO and that of N 2 O. The analysis of the effect of the slow/rapid volatilization process on the formation of nitrous oxide showed that the conversion ratio of biomass-N to N 2 O increases with the decrease in the dispersion of volatile matter per unit time; it means that biomass-N is effectively converted to N 2 O during slow volatilization. Further, the gasification reactions among CO 2 , O 2 , and C occur simultaneously on the surface of biomass particles during combustion. With respect to the effect of nitrogen content in biomass, the N 2 O emission level increases with the increase in N-content of the biomass, while the NO emission level remains constant during low-temperature combustion.

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“…1 Volatile matter of Japanese cypress (vol%, experimental data) (6) In this study, HCN and NH 3 were considered to be the main nitrogen compounds evolved by woody biomass. This assumption was made on the basis of the experimental results obtained by Tian et al (16)- (18) and Leppalahti et al (19) ; these research groups performed extensive studies on the volatile matters under various conditions from various types of biomass. The component ratios of HCN, NH 3 , and N 2 were derived on the basis of the results reported by Tian et al (16) .…”

Section: ……… (1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the N2O Formation under Low Temperature Condition in Pulverized Biomass Combustion

Okumura

Watanabe

Okazaki

2012

JTST

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The purpose of this study is to clarify the fundamental and general features of N 2 O formation during the combustion of pulverized biomass under low temperature. First, the effect of various important factors, i.e., combustion temperature, volatilization process (i.e., either slow or rapid dispersion), and nitrogen content in biomass on N 2 O formation were investigated by theoretical analysis. The analysis of the effect of combustion temperature on the formation of nitrous oxide showed that N 2 O emission level increases with the decrease in combustion temperature, and both N 2 O and NO levels are strongly dependent on the combustion temperature. In other words, there is a trade-off relationship between the formation of NO and that of N 2 O. The analysis of the effect of the slow/rapid volatilization process on the formation of nitrous oxide showed that the conversion ratio of biomass-N to N 2 O increases with the decrease in the dispersion of volatile matter per unit time; it means that biomass-N is effectively converted to N 2 O during slow volatilization. Further, the gasification reactions between CO 2 , O 2 , and C occur simultaneously on the surface of biomass particles during combustion. With respect to the effect of nitrogen content in biomass, the N 2 O emission level increases with the increase in N-content of the biomass, while the NO emission level remains constant during low-temperature combustion.

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Formation of NO precursors during the pyrolysis of coal and biomass. Part VIII. Effects of pressure on the formation of NH and HCN during the pyrolysis and gasification of Victorian brown coal in steam

Cited by 42 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of reactant types (steam, CO ₂ and steam + CO ₂ ) on the gasification performance of coal using entrained flow gasifier

Effect of reactant types (steam, CO ₂ and steam + CO ₂ ) on the gasification performance of coal using entrained flow gasifier

Study on the N<sub>2</sub>O Formation under Low Temperature Condition in Pulverized Biomass Combustion

Study on the N2O Formation under Low Temperature Condition in Pulverized Biomass Combustion

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Formation of NO precursors during the pyrolysis of coal and biomass. Part VIII. Effects of pressure on the formation of NH and HCN during the pyrolysis and gasification of Victorian brown coal in steam

Cited by 42 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of reactant types (steam, CO 2 and steam + CO 2 ) on the gasification performance of coal using entrained flow gasifier

Effect of reactant types (steam, CO 2 and steam + CO 2 ) on the gasification performance of coal using entrained flow gasifier

Study on the N<sub>2</sub>O Formation under Low Temperature Condition in Pulverized Biomass Combustion

Study on the N2O Formation under Low Temperature Condition in Pulverized Biomass Combustion

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Effect of reactant types (steam, CO ₂ and steam + CO ₂ ) on the gasification performance of coal using entrained flow gasifier

Effect of reactant types (steam, CO ₂ and steam + CO ₂ ) on the gasification performance of coal using entrained flow gasifier