Formation of nanogratings in a transparent material with tunable ionization property by femtosecond laser irradiation

Umran, Fadhil A.; Liao, Yang; Elias, Mazin M.; Sugioka, Koji; Stoian, Razvan; Cheng, Guanghua; Cheng, Ya

doi:10.1364/oe.21.015259

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…This result was in a good agreement with several experimental observations [16,17]. However, the influence of the concentration of inhomogeneities on the evolution of nanogratings, to our knowledge, has not been investigated previously, leaving unexplained the results of several experiments [15,[59][60][61].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Therefore, we investigate the resulting electron density distribution by laser irradiation of randomly distributed inhomogeneities with different initial concentration corresponding to the state of laser-induced fused silica after several pulses. In fact, such an approach allows us not only studying the pulse number effect on the nanograting characteristics but also modeling of initially slightly doped fused silica with corresponding concentrations of inhomogeneities [15,59,61].…”

Section: Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, impurities that were embedded in bulk fused silica also contributed to nanograting formation. They also enhanced and improved the nanoplasma incubation process [15,[59][60][61]. In previous studies, the dynamics of laser interaction with inhomogeneities of different nature was studied for voids [48], for nanospheres of densified fused silica [41], and for metallic nanoparticles [62].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From random inhomogeneities to periodic nanostructures induced in bulk silica by ultrashort laser

2016

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Femtosecond laser-induced volume nanograting formation is numerically investigated. The developed model solves nonlinear Maxwell's equations coupled with multiple rate free carrier density equations in the presence of randomly distributed inhomogeneities in fused silica. As a result of the performed calculations, conduction band electron density is shown to form nanoplanes elongated perpendicular to the laser polarization. Two types of nanoplanes are identified. The structures of the first type have a characteristic period of the laser wavelength in glass and are attributed to the interference of the incident and the inhomogeneity-scattered light waves. Field components induced by coherent multiple scattering in directions perpendicular to the laser polarization are shown to be responsible for the formation of the second type of structures with a subwavelength periodicity. In this case, the influence of the inhomogeneity concentration on the period of nanoplanes is shown. The calculation results not only help to identify the physical origin of the self-organized nanogratings, but also explain their period and orientation.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From random inhomogeneities to periodic nanostructures induced in bulk silica by ultrashort laser

2016

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“…For example, optical properties could be tuned by filling liquids with different nonlinear optical coefficients. Here, we place our focus on tuning the ionization property of the porous glass by doping the immersion water with NaCl at different concentrations [43]. Figure 25a-d shows the SEM images of a series of single nanocracks formed inside the porous glass immersed in water doped with NaCl at different concentrations.…”

Section: Influence Of Ionization Property Of Immersion Liquidmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on these strategies, several functional devices and their applications are demonstrated, including large-volume hollow chamber [38], 3D passive microfluidic mixer [39], capillary electrophoresis (CE) analysis chip [40], and an integrated micro-nanofluidic system for single DNA analysis [41]. The possible mechanisms behind the formation of a single nanochannel are also discussed [42,43]. Finally, future opportunities and current challenges for this novel approach are highlighted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond Laser 3D Fabrication in Porous Glass for Micro- and Nanofluidic Applications

Liao

Cheng

2014

Micromachines

Self Cite

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Abstract:The creation of complex three-dimensional (3D) fluidic systems composed of hollow micro-and nanostructures embedded in transparent substrates has attracted significant attention from both scientific and applied research communities. However, it is by now still a formidable challenge to build 3D micro-and nanofluidic structures with arbitrary configurations using conventional planar lithographic fabrication methods. As a direct and maskless fabrication technique, femtosecond laser micromachining provides a straightforward approach for high-precision, spatially-selective, modification inside transparent materials through nonlinear optical absorption. In this paper, we demonstrate rapid fabrication of high-aspect-ratio micro-and/or nanofluidic structures with various 3D configurations by femtosecond laser direct writing in porous glass substrates. Based on this approach, we demonstrate several functional micro-and nanofluidic devices including a 3D passive microfluidic mixer, a capillary electrophoresis (CE) analysis chip, and an integrated micro-nanofluidic system for single DNA analysis. The possible mechanisms behind the formation of high-aspect-ratio micro-and nanochannels are also discussed. This technology offers new opportunities to develop novel 3D micro-nanofluidic systems for a variety of lab-on-a-chip applications.

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Ultrafast laser inscription: perspectives on future integrated applications

Choudhury

MacDonald

Kar

2014

Laser & Photonics Reviews

166

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This paper reviews the recent advancements achieved using ultrafast laser inscription (ULI) that highlight the cross-disciplinary potential of the technology. An overview of waveguide fabrication is provided and the three distinct types of waveguide cross-section architectures that have so far been fabricated in transparent dielectric materials are discussed. The paper focuses on two key emergent technologies driven by ULI processes. First, the recently developed photonic devices, such as compact mode-locked waveguide sources and novel midinfrared waveguide lasers are discussed. Secondly, the phenomenon and applications of selective etching in developing ultrafast laser inscribed structures for compact lab-on-chip devices are elaborated. The review further discusses the conceivable future of ULI in impacting the aforementioned fields.

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Formation of nanogratings in a transparent material with tunable ionization property by femtosecond laser irradiation

Cited by 19 publications

References 27 publications

From random inhomogeneities to periodic nanostructures induced in bulk silica by ultrashort laser

From random inhomogeneities to periodic nanostructures induced in bulk silica by ultrashort laser

Femtosecond Laser 3D Fabrication in Porous Glass for Micro- and Nanofluidic Applications

Ultrafast laser inscription: perspectives on future integrated applications

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