Formation of Minimal Third Phase in Ionic Liquid Extraction System with Trioctylphosphine Oxide and Its Possible Application to Extraction Concentration

Abstract

The third-phase formation behavior in ionic liquid (IL) extraction system using trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) was investigated. In the use of a relatively less-lipophilic IL, such as 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (CmimTfN), the third phase was formed between the aqueous phase and the IL phase. The third phase seems to have a relatively high lipophilicity compared to the IL phase. The main components of the third phase were suggested as being (HO)TOPO, IL anion (TfN), IL cation (Cmim) and free TOPO. In addition, the third phase showed an extraction concentration ability for the Fe(III)-thiocyanato complex.

Ionic Liquid Chelate Extraction Behavior of Trivalent Group 13 Metals into 1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imides Using 8-Quinolinol as Chelating Extractant

“…Regarding solvent extraction using hydrophobic ILs, such as 1-alkyl-3methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imides (Cnmim-Tf2N), not a few reviews have been published in the last decade and many studies have been published also in recent years. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Hydrophobic ILs can act not only as highly polar solvents 30 but also as liquid ion-exchangers, 31 and distribution behavior of a compound between an IL phase and an aqueous phase is often complicated.…”

Application of D-Limonene as a Bio-based Solvent in Low DensityDispersive Liquid?Liquid Microextraction of Acidic Drugs from Aqueous Samples

“…10 These drawbacks have attracted attention to new miniaturized sustainable techniques and/or solvents like DLLME introduced by Rezaee. 11 It was combined with chromatographic techniques for organic [12][13][14][15][16][17] and inorganic [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] compounds analysis in environmental, pharmaceutical, and biological samples. However, not only reducing the volume of used organic solvents, but also replacing hazardous solvents with greener ones is required.…”

An Ionic Liquid-based Microextraction Method for Ultra-High Preconcentration of Paraquat Traces in Water Samples Prior to HPLC Determination

“…3,5 In addition, a satisfactory recovery in the microextraction of [PQ] 2+ is yet to be achieved, 8 even though this has been attempted by performing the microextraction after the transformation of [PQ] 2+ to 1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipiperidyl (electron neutral molecule) through the reduction of the pyridine rings. 9 Recently, ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted considerable attention as novel extraction solvents in various fields of chemistry, and various IL-based extraction systems [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] have been developed. Although there are several examples in which ILs are utilized as pretreatment agents for aqueous samples in toxicant analyses, [17][18][19][20] comparative investigations of different ILs with regard to their extraction efficiency for toxicant analysis have not been conducted systematically.…”