Formation of microstructure and properties of Cu-3Ti alloy in thermal and thermomechanical processes

Szkliniarz, Agnieszka

doi:10.1515/amm-2017-0033

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…The hardness results are in accordance with the behavior observed by previous investigations where the titanium increase had a positive effect on the hardness value, especially in values higher than 5% [8,42,48]. The studies carried out by Akbarpour et al [20] present a close reference to the hardness values found in the composites, despite the need for an aging process in order to promote intermetallic growth and the elimination of the thermal stress of the sintering to the extent that ideal values proposed by Shon et al [49].…”

Section: Microhardness Of the Materialsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effect of temperature on morphology and wear of a Cu-Ti-TiC MMC sintered by abnormal glow discharge

Bohórquez

Pérez

Sarmiento-Santos

et al. 2020

Mater. Res. Express

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Microstructure and tribological properties had been studied in a Cu-Ti-1%TiC MMC with titanium concentration of 10%, 15%, and 20%. The composite was manufactured following the pulvimetallurgical route that included: mechanical and ultrasonic mixing in 2-propanol, compaction at 400 MPa and sintering assisted by abnormal glow discharge in an atmosphere of 10% nitrogen and 90% argon. The discharge was established in the direct current regime and the voltage values were adjusted according to the sintering temperatures of 750°C and 850°C. The sintering process was carried out for 30 min and then cooled in the same atmosphere. As a result, a differentiated in morphology and wear properties were obtained in the sintered parts. At 750°C a microstructure characterized by the stability of Ti grains with intermetallic precipitates such as CuTi 2 and CuTi were observed at the interface with the matrix. On the other hand, the intermetallic phases as Cu 3 Ti, Cu 4 Ti and CuTi 2 had been detected in the sintered at 850°C. These phases were related to diffusive processes that occurred during the sintering, enhanced by the energy provided by the process. It had been observed that with increase of titanium content an improvement of the MMC tribological properties. In titanium contents of 20% at 750°C was estimated a wear coefficient of 2.7 × 10 −8 mm 3 .N −1 .m −1 with a track width of 312 μm. Despite the pores originated during the sintering of MMC at 850°C was found a wear coefficient value of 2.4 × 10 −8 mm 3 .N −1 .m −1 and a track size of 778 μm, related to the plastic deformation exerted on the porous structures during the wear process. Results of the tribological analysis lead that this compound may be applied in fields where the balance between adequate tribological properties and lightness are highly required such as the automotive, aeronautical and biomedical industries.

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Section: Microhardness Of the Materialsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effect of temperature on morphology and wear of a Cu-Ti-TiC MMC sintered by abnormal glow discharge

Bohórquez

Pérez

Sarmiento-Santos

et al. 2020

Mater. Res. Express

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“…Solution treated process resulted in hardness reduction of the alloy from 171 Hv5 to 85 Hv5 after homogenization. in the study of Szkliniarz for the Cu-3Ti alloy, this value resulted in a decrease from 163 Hv10 to 103 Hv10 with the solution treated after homogenization [8]. The solution treatment of titanium bronzes usually takes place at about 900°C.…”

Section: Hardness Measurements and Microstructure Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The solution treatment of titanium bronzes usually takes place at about 900°C. Thus, small Cu and Ti intermetallic precipitates remain in the microstructure after the homogenization process is dissolved [1,8,[12][13][14][15][16]. for the applications in engineering and investigating fundamental aspects of hardening phenomena in Cu-Ti alloy system, the decomposition during aging between 300º and 500ºC is understood well including spinodal decomposition, with compositional fluctuations, formation of a coherent, metastable phase called β' and equilibrium phase β by a discontinuous or cellular reaction [14][15][16].…”

Section: Hardness Measurements and Microstructure Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…as seen from TaBle 2 prolonged aging times cause a decrease in hardness values. This is because of the characteristic effects of discontinuous precipitation at the grain boundaries of the aged alloy, which can be seen especially after long aging times [1,8,9,11,17]. The hardness value of the sample that was homogenized then cold-rolled by 40% at room tempera-ture followed by solution treated and aged (Cr+ ag) was found 272 Hv5.…”

Section: Hardness Measurements and Microstructure Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…numerous studies [4][5][6][7] have shown that the metastable β'-Cu4Ti phase formed during aging enhances the strengthening effect; however, if the sufficient aging temperature or aging time is exceeded, the phase transformation from the metastable and compatible β'-Cu4Ti phase to the equilibrium and incoherent Cu3Ti phase occurs, and thus the strength of the Cu-Ti alloys is significantly reduced. There are some of the studies in the literature have centered of attention such as on the formability of Cu-Ti alloys with various Ti content and the effects of deformation conditions, thermal processes with mechanical properties and electrical properties [2,8] and some of them are about the effects of prior cold deformation on hardness, tensile properties, and microstructure of aged Cu-Ti alloys [3,[9][10][11]. in a study examining the wear behavior of Cu-Ti alloys containing different amounts of Ti using the powder metallurgy method other than the casting method, an intense material transfer from the sample trace surface was observed in the wear behavior of pure Cu without Ti, and it was concluded that this situation exhibits plastic deformation due to the low hardness of pure copper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

2022

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Microstructure and tribological behavior of cu-2.5ti alloy in two different environMents in this study, the nominal composition of Cu-2.5Ti alloy was thermally treated to obtain homogenized, aged, and 40% prior cold-rolled+ aged samples. The hardness, wear behavior, and microstructure of samples were investigated. The reciprocating wear tests were performed under four different loads under dry and 3.5%naCl corrosive environments. The alloy reached its highest hardness value of 8 hours for the aged sample. The hardness value of the sample that was homogenized then cold-rolled by 40% and aged was found higher than the other samples. a decrease in the wear rates in dry conditions was observed in homogenized, aged and cold-rolled and aged samples, respectively. This decrease was more in the corrosive environment. Studies can be advanced by examining the wear behavior at different alloy ratios. The effects of different alloying elements and the ratio of cold-rolled before or after aging can also be investigated for future research.

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