Formation of iron-nitrides by the reaction of iron nanoparticles with a stream of ammonia

Nishimaki, K.; Ohmae, Saori; Yamamoto, Takao A.; Katsura, Masahiro

doi:10.1016/s0965-9773(99)00175-0

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In another published study, the nitridation of iron oxide particles of different sizes under ammonia was reported by Nishimaki et al [16]. They found that decreasing the size of the iron particles, diminished the nitrogen content in the solid after nitridation and explained this behavior by assuming a greater dissociation activity of ammonia, compared to nitridation, when reducing the particle size.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Synthesis and characterization of iron and iron nitride microtubes obtained from biogenic iron oxide

Rico

Hargreaves

2017

J Mater Sci

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PurposeWith the aim to obtain iron tubular microstructures attractive for various applications, we have used a natural biogenic iron ochre as a raw material and explore various procedures and experimental conditions to achieve our goal. MethodsOur experiments included reduction, nitridation and characterisation of microtubes derived from biogenic iron ochre. Various temperatures of reduction under streams of H2/N2 or NH3 were tested. ResultsOur results show that the tubular structure is maintained after reduction of the natural material under H2/N2. In addition, ammonia was not produced under our experimental conditions, and as expected, hydrogen reduced the material. However, the treatment under NH3 reduces the material and allows the incorporation of nitrogen into the structure of the solid yielding iron nitride microtubes. ConclusionsReduced and nitrided microstructures were successfully obtained from natural biogenic iron ochre. A temperature of 500 o C seems to be suitable to expose the calcined biogenic iron ochre under H2/N2 for 4 h or under ammonia for 8 h to obtain reduced or nitrided microtubes, respectively. The stability of the tubular structure during reduction/reduction-nitridation is maintained under both treatments. Further interesting applications of this natural biomaterial could be envisaged.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Synthesis and characterization of iron and iron nitride microtubes obtained from biogenic iron oxide

Rico

Hargreaves

2017

J Mater Sci

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“…In fact, high nitrogen activity may arise from the suppressed extent of dissociation α of NH3 stream and ought to increase with increasing temperature at any given extent of dissociation, which in turn depends on flow rate [5] Therefore, the use of a stream of NH3 makes it possible to prepare nitrogen-rich meta nitride, which cannot be obtained when using molecular N2 even at elevated pressure o few hundred atmospheres. On the other hand, the extent of ammonia dissociation wa also found to vary across the various positions along the flow of the reaction gas [21] and with particle size [22]. In case of iron, nanoparticles were found to enhance ammonia dis sociation and the product was therefore of lower nitrogen content than that of coarse par ticles [22].…”

Section: Tantalummentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Non-Cubic Nitride Phases of Va-Group Metals (V, Nb, and Ta) from Metal Powders in Stream of NH3 Gas under Concentrated Solar Radiation

et al. 2021

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Using a high-flux solar furnace, loosely compacted powders of Va-group transition metal (V, Nb, and Ta) were reacted with stream of NH3 gas (uncracked NH3 gas) being heated by concentrated solar beam to a temperature (T) range between 600 and 1000 °C. From V, sub-nitride V2N (γ phase) and hypo-stoichiometric mono-nitride VN possessing fcc (face-centered cubic) crystal lattice structure (δ phase) were synthesized. On the other hand, in the reaction product from Nb and Ta, hexagonal mono-nitride phase with N/M atom ratio close to 1 (ε phase) was detected. The reaction duration was normalized to be 60 min. In a conventional industrial or laboratory electric furnace, the synthesis of mono-nitride phase with high degree of crystallinity that yield sharp XRD peaks for Va-group metal might take a quite long duration even at T exceeding 1000 °C. In contrast, mono–nitride phase MN of Va-group metal was synthesized for a relatively short duration of 60 min at T lower than 1000 °C being co-existed with lower nitride phases.

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“…Depending upon the starting composition and the ammonolysis temperature, the TMNs had pore sizes from 10 to 40 nm, domain sizes of 5-40 nm, and the surface areas 15-60 m 2 /g. However, most of the nitrides are early transition metal nitrides focusing on nitrides of molybdenum and tungsten, and only a few papers have reported the synthesis of late transition metal nitrides particles such as iron nitrides, due to their relatively low thermal stability [8,[12][13][14][15]. For example, Koltypin et al [12] reported the sonochemical synthesis of iron nitride nanoparticles by two methods, that is, sonication of Fe(CO) 5 in a decane solution under a gaseous NH 3 /H 2 mixture and nitridation of sonochemically prepared amorphous iron under a mixed NH 3 /H 2 stream.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Koltypin et al [12] reported the sonochemical synthesis of iron nitride nanoparticles by two methods, that is, sonication of Fe(CO) 5 in a decane solution under a gaseous NH 3 /H 2 mixture and nitridation of sonochemically prepared amorphous iron under a mixed NH 3 /H 2 stream. Later on, iron particles of various grain sizes [13], amorphous iron prepared through reducing ferrous sulfate by potassium borohydride [14], and Fe 2 O 3 [15] were also used as precursor to produce iron nitride by a temperature-programmed reaction in NH 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of an Iron Nitride Constructed by a Novel Template of Metal Organic Framework

Liu

Huo

Chen

et al. 2015

Journal of Spectroscopy

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An iron nitride with high surface area was synthesized from an iron-based metal organic framework (Fe-MOF) in this work. During the synthesis process, the Fe-MOF of MIL-53 served as a hard template, a template to impart a certain degree of morphology for iron oxide products and to form porosities for iron nitride products. Moreover, it played the roles of iron sources for the synthesis of the final iron oxides and the iron nitrides. The physicochemical properties of the materials were characterized by a series of technologies including XRD, SEM, and N 2 -adsorption/desorption. The results showed that the iron nitride synthesized from MIL-53 was -Fe 2-3 N. And, the -Fe 2-3 N showed the morphology with loosely aggregated particles which favored the formation of rich interparticle porosities. As a result, the surface area of the -Fe 2-3 N was larger than those of samples using -Fe 2 O 3 as precursors and its value was 41 m 2 /g. In addition, the results agreed that both raw material properties (such as crystallinity and surface areas) and nitriding approaches had significant effects on the surface areas of iron nitrides. Also the results were proved by the iron oxide synthesized with different methods. This new synthetic strategy could be a general approach for the preparation of late transition metal nitrides with peculiar properties.

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Formation of iron-nitrides by the reaction of iron nanoparticles with a stream of ammonia

Cited by 22 publications

References 4 publications

Synthesis and characterization of iron and iron nitride microtubes obtained from biogenic iron oxide

Synthesis and characterization of iron and iron nitride microtubes obtained from biogenic iron oxide

Synthesis of Non-Cubic Nitride Phases of Va-Group Metals (V, Nb, and Ta) from Metal Powders in Stream of NH3 Gas under Concentrated Solar Radiation

Synthesis and Characterization of an Iron Nitride Constructed by a Novel Template of Metal Organic Framework

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