Formation of hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide and aqueous electrons by pulsed streamer corona discharge in aqueous solution

Joshi, Avinash; Locke, Bruce R.; Arce, P.; Finney, W.C.

doi:10.1016/0304-3894(94)00099-3

Cited by 566 publications

(418 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…As in the case of oxygen, the majority of hydrogen is formed in the core at high temperature via recombination of hydrogen atoms. It was calculated that in the recombination region the reaction that contributes 21% of total hydrogen concentration found at the end of the pulse is: (10) Overall, the model simulated the experimentally measured values of molecular hydrogen, oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals very closely [11,15].…”

Section: Bulk Liquid-phase Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 71%

“…They also used emission spectroscopy analysis to identify hydroxyl radicals and atomic oxygen produced by pulsed streamer discharge. Joshi et al [10] measured the rates of formation of hydrogen peroxide by direct chemical measurements and hydroxyl radicals by indirect chemical methods in a pulsed corona discharge reactor with point-toplane electrode geometry. Sahni et al [11] used two different chemical probes (dimethyl sulfoxide and disodium salt of therephtalic acid) to accurately quantify the hydroxyl radicals production in a pulsed electrical discharge.…”

Section: [2] 257-262 (2009) Transaction Of the Materials Research Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parameters such as solution composition, applied voltage, pH and conductivity play an important role in streamer formation and radical concentration. Joshi et al [10] determined the initiation reaction rate constants for the formation of hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide in a pulsed streamer corona discharge. It was found that both rates were zero order, and that the reaction rate constants depended upon the magnitude of the applied electric field.…”

Section: Bulk Liquid-phase Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma Chemistry in Pulsed Electrical Discharge in Liquid

Thagard

Takashima

Mizuno

2009

Trans. Mat. Res. Soc. Japan

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Electrical discharges in water have been studied for more than thirty years and during that time, significant progress has been made on the understanding and characterization of basic processes taking place in the water. The main molecular species formed by pulsed discharge in water are hydrogen, hydrogen peroxide and oxygen, although oxidative (hydroxyl radical) and reductive radicals (superoxide radical anion) that are produced by the discharge are responsible for the degradation of molecules. Streamer electrical discharge in water has been studied by numerous investigators and overall reactor design and pollutant degradation efficiency has been optimized. Our research group opened a new direction in plasma applications by conducting electrical discharges in relatively polar organic liquids. In that manner, we were able to produce Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) film on the tip of a high voltage electrode by the electrical discharges in acetonitrile and dimethyl sulfoxide. We also studied electrical discharges in ionic liquids and above the ionic liquid surface, a new generation of solvents that are gaining more interest in both fundamental and applied research. The results indicated that the discharge inside the ionic liquid is destructive and leads to polymerization, whereas the discharge above the liquid surface is less destructive and could find possible applications.

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Section: Bulk Liquid-phase Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: [2] 257-262 (2009) Transaction Of the Materials Research Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bulk Liquid-phase Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma Chemistry in Pulsed Electrical Discharge in Liquid

Thagard

Takashima

Mizuno

2009

Trans. Mat. Res. Soc. Japan

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“…During high voltage pulses an electron avalanche is initiated inside the bubbles generated by the local heating of the solution, that leads to breakdown and subsequent discharge is produced. In this non-equilibrium plasma, the electrons are responsible for the production of radicals and excited species from water molecules 19,20 Figure 2 shows a typical optical emission spectrum which provides information about the excited atoms, molecules, and radicals in the solution plasma. The excited oxygen and hydrogen atoms present in the plasma gas phase were identified by their major emission peaks detected at 777.1 and 844.34 nm for O and 434.0, 486.1, and 656.3 nm for H c , H b , and H a respectively.…”

Section: A Solution Plasma Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of mono-dispersed nanofluids using solution plasma

Heo

Bratescu

Ueno

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Physics

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Small-sized and well-dispersed gold nanoparticles (NPs) for nanofluidics have been synthesized by electrical discharge in liquid environment using termed solution plasma processing (SPP). Electrons and the hydrogen radicals are reducing the gold ions to the neutral form in plasma gas phase and liquid phase, respectively. The gold NPs have the smallest diameter of 4.9 nm when the solution temperature was kept at 20 C. Nucleation and growth theory describe the evolution of the NP diameter right after the reduction reaction in function of the system temperature, NP surface energy, dispersion energy barrier, and nucleation rate. Negative charges on the NPs surface during and after SPP generate repulsive forces among the NPs avoiding their agglomeration in solution. Increasing the average energy in the SPP determines a decrease of the zeta potential and an increase of the NPs diameter. An important enhancement of the thermal conductivity of 9.4% was measured for the synthesized nanofluids containing NPs with the smallest size. V C 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.

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“…Besides these macroscopic phenomena, other physical and chemical processes are also initiated by the discharge generation in water solutions. Due to the ionisation and dissociation of water molecules, various reactive species such as radicals, ions, excited particles and molecules with a high oxidation potential are formed [12]. Among them, hydroxyl, hydrogen and oxygen radicals as well as hydrogen peroxide belong to the most studied particles because of their usability in further plasma applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of High Frequency Pin-hole Discharge in Water Solutions

2014

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This paper presents results on electric discharge generation by high frequency high voltage (15-100 kHz) in NaCl solutions with different initial conductivity (100-1300 mS cm -1 ), and compares them with DC discharge in the same electrode configuration. A batch plasma reactor in the pin-hole configuration contained a ceramic dielectric barrier separating two planar stainless steel electrodes; barrier thickness of 0.6 mm and pin-hole diameter of 0.6 mm was used. Lissajous charts were evaluated from electric measurements for different discharge phases (electrolysis, bubble formation and discharge regular operation). Breakdown moments for different solution conductivities were determined from discharge power evaluation as a function of applied frequency. Breakdown voltage amplitude was decreased by the increasing conductivity in both regimes while frequency and current decreased. Changes of physical parameters (temperature, solution conductivity and pH) as well as production of hydrogen peroxide at different solution conductivities were compared. Solution conductivity was increased in both discharge regimes and with the initial conductivity value. Solution temperature was increased by the discharge in both regimes and with the increasing initial conductivity, too. Solution pH dropped to acidic conditions when HF or DC positive regime was applied while it was enhanced by DC negative regime.

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Formation of hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide and aqueous electrons by pulsed streamer corona discharge in aqueous solution

Cited by 566 publications

References 24 publications

Plasma Chemistry in Pulsed Electrical Discharge in Liquid

Plasma Chemistry in Pulsed Electrical Discharge in Liquid

Synthesis of mono-dispersed nanofluids using solution plasma

Generation of High Frequency Pin-hole Discharge in Water Solutions

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